Cost and price projections of synthetic active materials for redox flow batteries

JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES

卷:499

Article

Gregory, Thomas D.¹  Perry, Michael L.²  Albertus, Paul³ 

[1] Borealis Technol Solut LLC, Midland, MI USA

[2] Largo Clean Energy, Wilmington, MA 01810 USA

[3] Univ Maryland, Maryland Energy Innovat Inst, Dept Chem & Biomol Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA

关键词: Flow battery;    Techno-economic analysis;    Grid storage;    Cost modeling;    Organic active materials;   

DOI  :  10.1016/j.jpowsour.2021.229965

来源: Elsevier

【 摘 要 】

Synthetic organic and organometallic active materials for flow batteries offer a large design space in terms of solubility, redox potential, kinetic activity, and stability. Price is also a key metric. Here we focus on the estimated cost of manufacturing and sales price for synthetic organic negolytes based on anthraquinones and posolytes based on ferrocyanides. We find that derivatives of anthraquinones with simple production processes have an estimated sales price of -25 $/kWh at an annual production volume of -10 GWh/y. We also considered contract manufacturing of AQDS at -200 MWh/y for early-stage commercialization; this results in an estimated sales price of -40 $/kWh. We find that ferrocyanides, produced in a variety of ways and with several different cations, also result in an estimated sales prices of -25 $/kWh at -10 GWh/y. Because low-cost precursors and simple processing result in a couple price of 100 g/eq, an average cell potential of 1.5 V, the avoidance of organic solvents, and precursors that cost no more than a few $/kg. It is also clear that integration with existing production of upstream precursors is the preferred route to cost-effective synthetic active materials.

【 授权许可】

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