New synthetic opioids: Part of a new addiction landscape

NEUROSCIENCE AND BIOBEHAVIORAL REVIEWS

卷:106

Review

Karila, Laurent¹  Marillier, Maude²  Chaumette, Boris³  Billieux, Joel⁷  Franchitto, Nicolas^4,5  Benyamina, Amine⁶ 

[1] Paris Sud Univ, Paul Brousse Hosp, Addict Res & Treatment Ctr, INSERM,U1000, Villejuif, France

[2] Fernand Widal Hosp, Addictogilance Ctr CEIP A, Paris, France

[3] McGill Univ, Montreal Neurol Inst & Hosp, Dept Neurol & Neurosurg, Montreal, PQ, Canada

[4] Ctr Hosp Univ Toulouse Purpan, Addict Ctr, Toulouse, France

[5] Univ Toulouse, INSERM, UMR1027, UPS, Toulouse, France

[6] Paris Sud Univ, Addict Res & Treatment Ctr, CESP, Paul Brousse Hosp, Villejuif, France

[7] Univ Luxembourg, Inst Hlth & Behav, Addict & Compuls Behav Lab, Esch Sur Alzette, Luxembourg

关键词: Fentanyl;    Synthetic opioids;    New psychoactive substances;    AH-7921;    MT-45;    U-47700;    Adverse effects;    Psychiatric complications;    Somatic complications;    Substance use disorder;    Fatalities;   

DOI  :  10.1016/j.neubiorev.2018.06.010

来源: Elsevier

【 摘 要 】

Synthetic opioids (SO) are a major risk for public health across the world. These drugs can be divided into 2 categories, pharmaceutical and non-pharmaceutical fentanyls. A new generation of SO has emerged on the drug market since 2010. North America is currently facing an opioid epidemic of morbi-mortality, caused by over-prescription of opioids, illegally diverted prescribed medicines, the increasing use of heroin and the emergence of SO. Furthermore, this opioid crisis is also seen in Europe. SO are new psychoactive substances characterized by different feature such as easy availability on the Internet, low price, purity, legality, and lack of detection in laboratory tests. They have not been approved or are not recommended for human use. Opioid misuse is associated with somatic and psychiatric complications. For many substances, limited pharmacological information is available, increasing the risk of harmful adverse events. Health actors and the general population need to be clearly informed of the potential risks and consequences of the diffusion and use of SO.

【 授权许可】

Free