The effects of early life stress on motivated behaviors: A role for gonadal hormones

NEUROSCIENCE AND BIOBEHAVIORAL REVIEWS

卷:119

Review

Eck, Samantha R.^1,2 

[1] Temple Univ, Dept Psychol, 1701 North 13thSt,656 Weiss Hall, Philadelphia, PA 19122 USA

[2] Temple Univ, Neurosci Program, 1701 North 13thSt,656 Weiss Hall, Philadelphia, PA 19122 USA

关键词: Early life stress;    Estradiol;    Testosterone;    Sex differences;    Dopamine;    Mesocorticolimbic;    Substance use disorder;    Depression;    Schizophrenia;    Motivated behaviors;   

DOI  :  10.1016/j.neubiorev.2020.09.014

来源: Elsevier

【 摘 要 】

Motivated behaviors are controlled by the mesocorticolimbic dopamine (DA) system, consisting of projections from the ventral tegmental area (VTA) to the nucleus accumbens (NAc) and prefrontal cortex (PFC), with input from structures including the medial preoptic area (mPOA). Sex differences are present in this circuit, and gonadal hormones (e.g., estradiol and testosterone) are important for regulating DA transmission. Early life stress (ELS) also regulates the mesocorticolimbic DA system. ELS modifies motivated behaviors and the underlying DA circuitry, increasing risk for disorders such as substance use disorder, major depression, and schizophrenia. ELS has been shown to change gonadal hormone signaling in both sexes. Thus, one way that ELS could impact mesocorticolimbic DA is by altering the efficacy of gonadal hormones. This review provides evidence for this idea by integrating the gonadal hormone, motivation, and ELS literature to argue that ELS alters gonadal hormone signaling to impact motivated behavior. We also discuss the importance of these effects in the context of understanding risk and treatments for psychiatric disorders in men and women.

【 授权许可】

Free