Therapeutic potential of glutathione-enhancers in stress-related psychopathologies

NEUROSCIENCE AND BIOBEHAVIORAL REVIEWS

卷:114

Review

Zalachoras, Ioannis¹  Hollis, Fiona¹  Ramos-Fernandez, Eva¹  Trovo, Laura²  Sonnay, Sarah²  Geiser, Eveline²  Preitner, Nicolas²  Steiner, Pascal²  Sandi, Carmen¹  Morato, Laia¹ 

[1] Ecole Polytech Fed Lausanne, Lab Behav Genet, Brain Mind Inst, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland

[2] Soc Produits Nestle SA, Nestle Res, CH-1000 Lausanne 26, Switzerland

关键词: Psychogenic stress;    Brain;    Oxidative stress;    Glutathione (GSH);    Nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2 (Nrf2);    Depression;    Anxiety;    N-acetyl-cysteine;    Glycine;    Taurine;    Whey proteins;    Glutamine;    Sulforaphane;    Dimethyl fumarate;    Curcumin;    Melatonin;    Trehalose;    Ergothioneine;    L-carnitine;    Puerarin;   

DOI  :  10.1016/j.neubiorev.2020.03.015

来源: Elsevier

【 摘 要 】

The mammalian brain has high energy demands, which may become higher in response to environmental challenges such as psychogenic stress exposure. Therefore, efficient neutralization of reactive oxygen species that are produced as a by-product of ATP synthesis is crucial for preventing oxidative damage and ensuring normal energy supply and brain function. Glutathione (GSH) is arguably the most important endogenous antioxidant in the brain. In recent years, aberrant GSH levels have been implicated in different psychiatric disorders, including stress-related psychopathologies. In this review, we examine the available data supporting a role for GSH levels and antioxidant function in the brain in relation to anxiety and stress-related psychopathologies. Additionally, we identify several promising compounds that could raise GSH levels in the brain by either increasing the availability of its precursors or the expression of GSH-regulating enzymes through activation of Nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2 (Nrf2). Given the high tolerability and safety profile of these compounds, they may represent attractive new opportunities to complement existing therapeutic manipulations against stress-related psychopathologies.

【 授权许可】

Free