期刊论文详细信息
NEUROSCIENCE AND BIOBEHAVIORAL REVIEWS 卷:70
Sex differences in brain and behavior in adolescence: Findings from the Philadelphia Neurodevelopmental Cohort
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Gur, Raquel E.1  Gur, Ruben C.1 
[1] Univ Penn, Dept Psychiat, Perelman Sch Med, Brain Behav Lab, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA
关键词: Neurocognition;    Sexual differentiation;    Brain structure;    Brain function;    Neurodevelopment;   
DOI  :  10.1016/j.neubiorev.2016.07.035
来源: Elsevier
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【 摘 要 】

Sex differences in brain and behavior were investigated across the lifespan. Parameters include neurobehavioral measures linkable to neuroanatomic and neurophysiologic indicators of brain structure and function. Sexual differentiation of behavior has been related to organizational factors during sensitive periods of development, with adolescence and puberty gaining increased attention. Adolescence is a critical developmental period where transition to adulthood is impacted by multiple factors that can enhance vulnerability to brain dysfunction. Here we highlight sex differences in neurobehavioral measures in adolescence that are linked, to brain function. We summarize neuroimaging studies examining brain structure, connectivity and perfusion, underscoring the relationship to sex differences in behavioral measures and commenting on hormonal findings. We focus on relevant data from the Philadelphia Neurodevelopmental Cohort (PNC), a community-based sample of nearly 10,000 clinically and neurocognitively phenotyped youths age 8-21 of whom 1600 have received multimodal neuroimaging. These data indicate early and pervasive sexual differentiation in neurocognitive measures that is linkable to brain parameters. We conclude by describing possible clinical implications. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

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