Neurobiological signatures associated with alcohol and drug use in the human adolescent brain

NEUROSCIENCE AND BIOBEHAVIORAL REVIEWS

卷:70

Article

Silveri, Marisa M.^1,2,3  Dager, Alecia D.^4,5  Cohen-Gilbert, Julia E.^1,2,3  Sneider, Jennifer T.^1,2,3 

[1] McLean Hosp, Neurodev Lab Addict & Mental Hlth, 115 Mill St, Belmont, MA 02178 USA

[2] McLean Hosp, McLean Imaging Ctr, 115 Mill St,Mailstop 204, Belmont, MA 02478 USA

[3] Harvard Med Sch, Dept Psychiat, Boston, MA USA

[4] Olin Neuropsychiat Res Ctr, Hartford, CT USA

[5] Yale Univ, Dept Psychiat, New Haven, CT 06520 USA

关键词: Adolescence;    MRI;    DTI;    fMRI;    MRS;    Resting state;    Alcohol;    Marijuana;    Nicotine;    Substance abuse;    Addiction;    Development;    Frontal lobe;    Hippocampus;    Reward sensitivity;    Impulsivity;   

DOI  :  10.1016/j.neubiorev.2016.06.042

来源: Elsevier

【 摘 要 】

Magnetic resonance (MR) techniques, provide opportunities to non-invasively characterize neurobiological milestones of adolescent brain development. Juxtaposed to the critical finalization of brain development is initiation of alcohol and substance use, and increased frequency and quantity of use, patterns that can lead to abuse and addiction. This review provides a comprehensive overview of existing MR studies of adolescent alcohol and drug users. The most common alterations reported across substance used and MR modalities are in the frontal lobe (63% of published studies). This is not surprising, given that this is the last region to reach neurobiological adulthood. Comparatively, evidence is less consistent regarding alterations in regions that mature earlier (e.g., amygdala, hippocampus), however newer techniques now permit investigations beyond regional approaches that are uncovering network-level vulnerabilities. Regardless of whether neurobiological signatures exist prior to the initiation of use, this body of work provides important direction for ongoing prospective investigations of adolescent brain development, and the significant impact of alcohol and substance use on the brain during the second decade of life. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

【 授权许可】

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