Cognitive mechanisms underlying depressive disorders in ADHD: A systematic review

NEUROSCIENCE AND BIOBEHAVIORAL REVIEWS

卷:121

Review

Mayer, Jutta S.¹  Bernhard, Anka¹  Fann, Nikola¹  Boxhoorn, Sara¹  Hartman, Catharina A.²  Reif, Andreas³  Freitag, Christine M.¹ 

[1] Goethe Univ, Univ Hosp Frankfurt, Dept Child & Adolescent Psychiat, Psychosomat & Psychotherapy, Deutschordenstr 50, D-60528 Frankfurt, Germany

[2] Univ Groningen, Interdisciplinary Ctr Psychopathol & Emot Regulat, Univ Med Ctr Groningen, CC 72,POB 30-001, NL-9700 RB Groningen, Netherlands

[3] Univ Hosp Frankfurt, Dept Psychiat Psychosomat Med & Psychotherapy, Heinrich Hoffmann Str 10, D-60528 Frankfurt, Germany

关键词: Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder;    ADHD;    Major depressive disorder;    Comorbidity;    Cognitive;    Executive functions;    Non-executive functions;    Lifespan;    Meta-analysis;   

DOI  :  10.1016/j.neubiorev.2020.12.018

来源: Elsevier

【 摘 要 】

The risk for major depressive disorder (MDD) is considerably increased in young adults with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) but underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. This review explores ADHD-specific neurocognitive impairments as possible underlying mechanisms for ADHD-depression comorbidity. Two systematic literature searches were conducted in EBSCOhost, PubMED, and Cochrane Reviews databases according to PRISMA guidelines. The first search identified 18 meta-analyses of cross-sectional and longitudinal studies on cognitive dysfunctions in MDD across the lifespan. The second search identified six original studies on reaction time variability in MDD. During acute depression, children and adults showed cognitive deficits that overlapped with some of the ADHD-related impairments. Findings from remitted patients, high-risk individuals, and few prospective studies suggest that a subset of these shared impairments, specifically executive dysfunctions (selective attention, verbal fluency, working memory) and long-term memory problems, are candidate pre-existing risk markers of depression. We discuss if and how these specific neurocognitive mechanisms may mediate developmental pathways from ADHD to depression. If replicated by longitudinal studies, these findings may guide future prevention strategies.

【 授权许可】

Free