Melatonin's role as a co-adjuvant treatment in colonic diseases: A review

LIFE SCIENCES

卷:170

Review

Esteban-Zubero, Eduardo¹  Lopez-Pingarron, Laura²  Alatorre-Jimenez, Moises Alejandro³  Ochoa-Moneo, Purificacion²  Buisac-Ramon, Celia⁴  Rivas-Jimenez, Miguel²  Castan-Ruiz, Silvia⁴  Antonanzas-Lombarte, Angel²  Tan, Dun-Xian³  Joaquin Garcia, Jose¹  Reiter, Russel J.³ 

[1] Univ Zaragoza, Dept Pharmacol & Physiol, Calle Domingo Miral S-N, E-50009 Zaragoza, Spain

[2] Univ Zaragoza, Dept Med Psychiat & Dermatol, Calle Domingo Miral S-N, E-50009 Zaragoza, Spain

[3] Univ Texas Hlth Sci Ctr San Antonio, Dept Cellular & Struct Biol, 7703 Floyd Curl Dr, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA

[4] Sector Zaragoza III, Primary Care Unit, Ave San Juan Bosco 5, Zaragoza 50009, Spain

关键词: Gastrointestinal diseases;    Crohn's disease;    Melatonin;    Ulcerative colitis;    Irritable bowel syndrome;    Necrotizing enterocolitis;   

DOI  :  10.1016/j.lfs.2016.11.031

来源: Elsevier

【 摘 要 】

Melatonin is produced in the pineal gland as well as many other organs, including the enterochromaffin cells of the digestive mucosa. Melatonin is a powerful antioxidant that resists oxidative stress due to its capacity to directly scavenge reactive species, to modulate the antioxidant defense system by increasing the activities of antioxidant enzymes, and to stimulate the innate immune response through its direct and indirect actions. In addition, the dysregulation of the circadian system is observed to be related with alterations in colonic motility and cell disruptions due to the modifications of clock genes expression. In the gastrointestinal tract, the activities of melatonin are mediated by melatonin receptors (MT2), serotonin (5-HT), and cholecystokinin B (CCK2) receptors and via receptor-independent processes. The levels of melatonin in the gastrointestinal tract exceed by 10100 times the blood concentrations. Also, there is an estimated 400 times more melatonin in the gut than in the pineal gland. Gut melatonin secretion is suggested to be influenced by the food intake. Low dose melatonin treatment accelerates intestinal transit time whereas high doses may decrease gut motility. Melatonin has been studied as a co-adjuvant treatment in several gastrointestinal diseases including irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), constipation-predominant IBS (IBS-C), diarrhea-predominant IBS (IBS-D), Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis, and necrotizing enterocolitis. The purpose of this review is to provide information regarding the potential benefits of melatonin as a co-adjuvant treatment in gastrointestinal diseases, especially IBS, Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis, and necrotizing enterocolitis. (C) 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

【 授权许可】

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