Evaluating forest management intensity on an umbrella species: Capercaillie persistence in central Europe

FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT

卷:354

Article

Mikolas, Martin^1,2  Svitok, Marek^3,4  Tejkal, Martin⁵  Leitao, Pedro J.⁶  Morrissey, Robert C.¹  Svoboda, Miroslav¹  Seedre, Meelis¹  Fontaine, Joseph B.⁷ 

[1] Czech Univ Life Sci Prague, Fac Forestry & Wood Sci, Prague 16521 6, Suchdol, Czech Republic

[2] PRALES, Rosina 01322, Slovakia

[3] Tech Univ Zvolen, Fac Ecol & Environm Sci, Dept Biol & Gen Ecol, Zvolen 96001, Slovakia

[4] Eawag Swiss Fed Inst Aquat Sci & Technol, Dept Aquat Ecol, Ctr Ecol Evolut & Biogeochem, CH-6047 Kastanienbaum, Switzerland

[5] Czech Univ Life Sci Prague, Fac Environm Sci, Prague 16521 6, Suchdol, Czech Republic

[6] Humboldt Univ, Dept Geog, D-10099 Berlin, Germany

[7] Murdoch Univ, Sch Vet & Life Sci, Perth, WA 6150, Australia

关键词: Capercaillie;    Habitat requirements;    Anthropogenic threat;    Umbrella species;    Ecological forestry;    Forest management;   

DOI  :  10.1016/j.foreco.2015.07.001

来源: Elsevier

【 摘 要 】

Deforestation and fragmentation of forests worldwide are negatively impacting biodiversity. The capercaillie (Tetra urogallus) is an endangered umbrella species of montane forests in central Europe. Despite its status, it has largely been overlooked in forest management planning in the Carpathian Mountains, a biodiversity hotspot within the European Union. Previous investigations of timber management effects on capercaillie have shown contradictory results within Europe; habitat loss and fragmentation due to intensive forest management have been implicated in population declines, while other studies have suggested neutral or positive effects. In Romania, recent changes in forest management have shifted from extensive, selective logging to intensive clearcutting; this change provides the opportunity to assess the effects of harvesting on capercaillie numbers across a full range of forest management intensities, thereby addressing discrepancies in the literature. Across the Southern and Eastern Carpathian mountains from 2009-2011, we used spring counts of capercaillie males at leks to evaluate the impact of forest management, other human activities, and habitat at two spatial scales - stand (similar to 2 ha) and landscape (similar to 300 ha). At the landscape level, the proportion of forest clearcuts and intensity of tourism had significant negative effects on the number of capercaillie males in the lek. In contrast, low intensity selective logging had a positive effect at the local stand (lek) level. Large scale (landscape level) forest clear-cutting had a negative effect on the capercaillie population - areas comprised of clearcuts of 30% reduced male lek counts by 76%. The protection of intact mature and old-growth forests, and forest management practices that emulate natural disturbance processes are recommended to support habitat of this critical umbrella species and associated biodiversity. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

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