Coppicing improves the growth response of short-rotation hybrid aspen to elevated atmospheric humidity

FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT

卷:459

Article

Tullus, Arvo¹  Rosenvald, Katrin¹  Lutter, Reimo^2,3  Kaasik, Ants¹  Kupper, Priit¹  Sellin, Arne¹ 

[1] Univ Tartu, Inst Ecol & Earth Sci, Lai 40, EE-51005 Tartu, Estonia

[2] Estonian Univ Life Sci, Inst Forestry & Rural Engn, Kreutzwaldi 5, EE-51006 Tartu, Estonia

[3] Swedish Univ Agr Sci, Dept Forest Ecol & Management, Skogsmarksgrand 17, SE-90183 Umea, Sweden

关键词: Aspen coppice;    Climate change;    Forest acclimation;    Intraspecific competition;    Populus;    Stand structure;   

DOI  :  10.1016/j.foreco.2019.117825

来源: Elsevier

【 摘 要 】

Aspens are fast-growing clonal trees with a wide circumboreal distribution range, suitable for the production of pulp and bioenergy. The adaptability of aspen short-rotation coppice systems to climate change has rarely been investigated. For a large part of aspens' northern range, climate models predict an increase in precipitation and, consequently, in atmospheric humidity. Our aim was to clarify the long-term effect of elevated air humidity on vegetative reproduction capacity and dynamics of above-ground growth and size structure in aspen stands. We analysed tree growth data from two consecutive 6-year rotations (a planted and a coppice generation) in experimental short-rotation hybrid aspen (Populus tremula L. x P. tremuloides Michx.) stands in the Free Air Humidity Manipulation (FAHM) experiment in Estonia. In three plots, mean relative air humidity was elevated by 7% and three plots were controls. Across two rotation periods, the humidification effect on tree height and/or stem basal area increment was year-dependent (p < 0.001): negative in 4 years, positive also in 4 years and non-significant in 3 years. Mean basal area of humidified (11.6 +/- 0.8 cm(2)) and control trees (15.0 +/- 1.0 cm(2)) differed significantly (p = 0.035) at the end of the first but not the second rotation period (9.3 +/- 0.9 cm(2) and 9.3 +/- 1.2 cm(2), respectively). Average growth differences levelled out already in the beginning of the second rotation, suggesting that some root-level acclimation must have taken place. The annual size-growth relationships (SGR) indicated a more size-symmetric growth in humidified (SGR = 1.00 +/- 0.05) and a size-asymmetric growth (SGR = 1.12 +/- 0.04) in control stands, implying a greater role of root-competition in humidified stands. In humidified stands, the growth of re-sprouting trees was more strongly determined by parent tree size, indicating a stronger carry-over of size hierarchy. The tree height diversity fluctuated more in control stands, where mortality was higher, especially after dry years. To summarise, short- and long-term responses of hybrid aspen to elevated air humidity varied, emphasizing the importance of long-term climate manipulations with trees. Generally, hybrid aspen short-rotation coppice forests showed promising acclimation capacity with future more humid climate predicted for northern latitudes.

【 授权许可】

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