The relationship between terpenes and flammability of leaf litter

FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT

卷:257

Article

Ormeno, Elena¹  Cespedes, Blanca²  Sanchez, Ivan A.²  Velasco-Garcia, Angel²  Moreno, Jose M.²  Fernandez, Catherine³  Baldy, Virginie³ 

[1] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Environm Sci Policy & Management, Div Ecosyst Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA

[2] Univ Castilla La Mancha, Dept Environm Sci, Dept Ciencias Ambientales, Toledo, Spain

[3] Aix Marseille Univ, IMEP, UMR CNRS 6116, Equipe Diversite Fonct Communautes Vegetales, F-13397 Marseille 20, France

关键词: Fire risk;    Leaf flammability;    Ignitability;    Litter fuel;    Pinus sp.;    Cistus sp;   

DOI  :  10.1016/j.foreco.2008.09.019

来源: Elsevier

【 摘 要 】

Many studies have assumed that plant terpenes favor fire due to their enormous-flammability. However, only a few of them, all performed on green leaves, have demonstrated this. In the present work we investigated the question of whether litter terpene content can be used to estimate flammability and temperatures reached during fire. Epiradiator and burn table tests were used to compare flammability of leaf litter of P. pinaster, P. halepensis, P. pinea, C albidus, C ladanifer, C laurifolius and the mixture of litter of P. pinaster with that of the other five species (e.g. P. pinaster + P. halepensis). Tests with burn table showed increasing spread rates and shorter combustion times under higher terpene contents. Flame height was triggered both with higher a terpene content and bed thickness, whereas the percentage of burned biomass was only significantly correlated to bed height. Epiradiator tests indicated that terpene concentration in leaf litter was positively correlated to flame height and negatively correlated to both flame residence time and ignition delay. Flammability was high for P. pinaster, A halepensis, and hence for P. pinaster + P. halepensis, intermediate for C albidus, P. pinea and P. pinaster combined with each of these species, and low for C laurifolius, C ladanifer and P. pinaster combined with them. Accordingly, their terpene content was high, intermediate and low. We concluded that plants might influence fire intensity, by having stored terpenes in their dead leaves, in addition to having developed traits to survive fire. Thus, a correct management of dead aboveground fuels rich in terpene concentrations, such as those of P. pinaster and P. halepensis, could prove helpful in reducing the hazard of fire. (C) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

【 授权许可】

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