A multi-proxy, high-resolution record of peatland development and its drivers during the last millennium from the subalpine Swiss Alps

QUATERNARY SCIENCE REVIEWS

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Article

van der Knaap, W. O.^1,2  Lamentowicz, M.^3,4,5,6  van Leeuwen, J. F. N.^1,2  Hangartner, S.^7,8  Leuenberger, M.^7,8  Mauquoy, D.⁹  Goslar, T.^10,11  Mitchell, E. A. D.^4,5,6  Lamentowicz, L.¹²  Kamenik, C.^1,8,13 

[1] Univ Bern, Inst Plant Sci, CH-3013 Bern, Switzerland

[2] Univ Bern, Oeschger Ctr Climate Change Res, CH-3013 Bern, Switzerland

[3] Adam Mickiewicz Univ, Fac Geog & Geol Sci, Dept Biogeog & Palaeoecol, PL-61680 Poznan, Poland

[4] Swiss Fed Res Inst WSL, Community Ecol Res Unit, Pasture Woodlands & Wetlands Res Grp, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland

[5] Ecole Polytech Fed Lausanne, Lab Syst Ecol, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland

[6] Univ Neuchatel, Inst Biol, Lab Soil Biol, CH-2000 Neuchatel, Switzerland

[7] Univ Bern, Phys Inst Climate & Environm Phys, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland

[8] Oeschger Ctr Climate Change Res, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland

[9] Univ Aberdeen, Sch Geosci, Aberdeen AB24 3UF, Scotland

[10] Adam Mickiewicz Univ, Fac Phys, PL-61614 Poznan, Poland

[11] Poznan Radiocarbon Lab, PL-61612 Poznan, Poland

[12] Adam Mickiewicz Univ, Fac Biol, Dept Hydrobiol, PL-61614 Poznan, Poland

[13] Univ Bern, Inst Geog, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland

关键词: Last millennium;    Multi-proxy;    High resolution;    Palaeoecology;    Peatland;    Alps;    Climate;    Human impact;   

DOI  :  10.1016/j.quascirev.2011.06.017

来源: Elsevier

【 摘 要 】

We present a record of peatland development during the last 1000 years from Mauntschas mire in the eastern Swiss Alps (Upper Engadine valley; 1818 m a.s.l.) inferred from testate amoebae (pH and depth to the water table (DWT) reconstructions), stable oxygen isotopes in Sphagnum (delta O-18; proxy for water vapour pressure) and carbon isotopes in Sphagnum (delta C-13; proxy for mire surface wetness), peat accumulation rates, charcoal (indicating local burning), pollen and spores (proxies for human impact), and plant macrofossils (reflecting local vegetation and trophic state). Past human impact on the local mire conditions was strong but fluctuating during AD 1000-1570 (+/- 50 yr; depth-age model based on 29 C-14 AMS dates) with local irrigation of nutrient-enriched water and grazing. Human impact was minor AD 1570-1830 (+/- 30 yr) with partial recovery of the local mire vegetation, and it was absent AD 1830 (+/- 30 yr)-present when hummock formation took place. Correlations among DWT, pH, delta C-13, and delta O-18, carried out both with the raw data and with linear trends removed, suggest that the factors driving peatland development changed over time, since only testate amoeba-based pH and DWT co-varied during all the three aforementioned periods. delta O-18 correlates with delta C-13 only in the period AD 1830-present and with DWT only during AD 1570-1830, delta C-13 correlates with DWT only during AD 1000-1570. Part of this apparent instability among the four time series might be attributed to shifts in the local mire conditions which potentially formed very different (non-analogue) habitats. Lack of analogues, caused, for example, by pre-industrial human impact, might have introduced artefacts in the reconstructions, since those habitats are not well represented in some proxy transfer functions. Human impact was probably the main factor for peatland development, distorting most of the climate signals. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

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