Magnetic detection of archaeological hearths in Alaska: A tool for investigating the full span of human presence at the gateway to North America

QUATERNARY SCIENCE REVIEWS

卷:211

Article

Urban, Thomas M.^1,2  Rasic, Jeffrey T.³  Alix, Claire⁴  Anderson, Douglas D.^5,6  Chisholm, Linda⁷  Jacob, Robert W.⁸  Manning, Sturt W.^1,2  Mason, Owen K.⁹  Tremayne, Andrew H.¹⁰  Vinson, Dale⁷ 

[1] Cornell Univ, Dept Class, Cornell Tree Ring Lab, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA

[2] Cornell Univ, Cornell Inst Archaeol & Mat Studies, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA

[3] Natl Pk Serv, Gates Arctic Natl Pk & Preserve, Yukon Charley Rivers Natl Preserve, Fairbanks, AK 99709 USA

[4] Univ Paris 1 Pantheon Sorbonne, UMR 8096 Archeol Amer, F-75006 Paris, France

[5] Brown Univ, Dept Anthropol, Providence, RI 02912 USA

[6] Brown Univ, Circumpolar Lab, Providence, RI 02912 USA

[7] Natl Pk Serv, Katmai Natl Pk & Preserve, POB 7, King Salmon, AK USA

[8] Bucknell Univ, Dept Geol, 231 OLeary Ctr, Lewisburg, PA 17837 USA

[9] Univ Colorado, Inst Arctic & Alpine Res, Boulder, CO 80309 USA

[10] US Forest Serv, Anchorage, AK USA

关键词: Hearth;    Magnetometer;    Pleistocene;    Beringia;    Alaska;    Paleoarctic;    Northern Archaic;    Ocean Bay;    Arctic small tool;    Norton;    Thule;    Birnirk;    Inupiat;    Denbigh;    Bering land bridge;    Arctic;   

DOI  :  10.1016/j.quascirev.2019.03.018

来源: Elsevier

【 摘 要 】

Magnetic survey methods have recently shown tremendous potential for the detection of archaeological hearths in Eastern Beringia, ranging from intermittent open-air camp fires to larger heat intensive activity areas. Here we present an overview of the method along with eight supporting case studies from seven U.S. National Park Service units in the U.S. state of Alaska, covering diverse geographic settings and time-periods. Together, these case studies demonstrate the capabilities of magnetic detection instruments in various modes of operation for finding datable archaeological deposits that span the breadth of known human occupation of this region. The examples range from the simplest use of the magnetometer as a single sensor reconnaissance instrument in a search mode, to use as a gradiometer in conjunction with other geophysical methods such as ground-penetrating radar, to record precise measurements and inform nuanced interpretations. Examples presented here range from the terminal Pleistocene to historic periods, spanning 12,000 years of human activity in Eastern Beringia, and encompassing the arrival, emergence, and expansion of multiple human groups or cultural traditions in the New World. (C) 2019 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.

【 授权许可】

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