Multi-proxy dating the 'Millennium Eruption' of Changbaishan to late 946 CE

QUATERNARY SCIENCE REVIEWS

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Article

Oppenheimer, Clive¹  Wacker, Lukas²  Xu, Jiandong³  Galvan, Juan Diego⁴  Stoffel, Markus^5,6,7  Guillet, Sebastien⁷  Corona, Christophe⁸  Sigl, Michael⁹  Di Cosmo, Nicola¹⁰  Hajdas, Irka²  Pan, Bo³  Breuker, Remco¹¹  Schneider, Lea¹²  Esper, Jan¹²  Fei, Jie¹³  Hammond, James O. S.¹⁴  Buntgen, Ulf^1,4 

[1] Univ Cambridge, Dept Geog, Cambridge, England

[2] ETH, Lab Ion Beam Phys, Zurich, Switzerland

[3] China Earthquake Adm, Inst Geol, Key Lab Act Tecton & Volcano, Beijing, Peoples R China

[4] Swiss Fed Res Inst WSL, Birmensdorf, Switzerland

[5] Univ Geneva, Inst Environm Sci, Geneva, Switzerland

[6] Univ Geneva, Dept Earth Sci, Geneva, Switzerland

[7] Univ Bern, Inst Geol Sci, Dendrolab Ch, Bern, Switzerland

[8] Univ Blaise Pascal, CNRS, Geolab, UMR6042, Clermont Ferrand, France

[9] Paul Scherrer Inst, Villigen, Switzerland

[10] Inst Adv Study, Sch Hist Studies, Olden Lane, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA

[11] Leiden Univ, Leiden Inst Area Studies, Leiden, Netherlands

[12] Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Dept Geog, Mainz, Germany

[13] Fudan Univ, Inst Chinese Hist Geog, Shanghai, Peoples R China

[14] Univ London, Birkbeck Coll, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, London, England

关键词: Holocene;    Paleoclimatology;    Eastern Asia;    Cosmogenic isotopes;    Ice cores;    Tree-rings;   

DOI  :  10.1016/j.quascirev.2016.12.024

来源: Elsevier

【 摘 要 】

Ranking among the largest volcanic eruptions of the Common Era (CE), the 'Millennium Eruption' of Changbaishan produced a widely-dispersed tephra layer (known as the B-Tm ash), which represents an important tie point for palaeoenvironmental studies in East Asia. Hitherto, there has been no consensus on its age, with estimates spanning at least the tenth century CE. Here, we identify the cosmogenic radiocarbon signal of 775 CE in a subfossil larch engulfed and killed by pyroclastic currents emplaced during the initial rhyolitic phase of the explosive eruption. Combined with glaciochemical evidence from Greenland, this enables us to date the eruption to late 946 CE. This secure date rules out the possibility that the Millennium Eruption contributed to the collapse of the Bohai Kingdom (Manchuria/Korea) in 926 CE, as has previously been hypothesised. Further, despite the magnitude of the eruption, we do not see a consequent cooling signal in tree-ring-based reconstructions of Northern Hemisphere summer temperatures. A tightly-constrained date for the Millennium Eruption improves the prospect for further investigations of historical sources that may shed light on the eruption's impacts, and enhances the value of the B-Tm ash as a chronostratigraphic marker. (C) 2017 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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