Extreme events in the sedimentary record of maar Lake Pavin: Implications for natural hazards assessment in the French Massif Central

QUATERNARY SCIENCE REVIEWS

卷:141

Review

Chassiot, Leo¹  Chapron, Emmanuel^1,2  Di Giovanni, Christian¹  Alberic, Patrick¹  Lajeunesse, Patrick³  Lehours, Anne-Catherine⁴  Meybeck, Michel⁵ 

[1] Univ Orleans, BRGM, CNRS, Inst Sci Terre Orleans,UMR 7327, 1A Rue Ferollerie, F-45071 Orleans 2, France

[2] Univ Toulouse 2 Jean Jaures, UMR CNRS 5602, Geog Environm GEODE, Allee A Machado, F-31058 Toulouse, France

[3] Univ Laval, Dept Geog, Ctr Etud Nord, Pavillon Abitibi Price,2405 Rue Terrasse, Quebec City, PQ G1V 0A6, Canada

[4] Univ Blaise Pascal, CNRS, UMR 6023, Lab Microorganismes Genome & Environm, 24 Ave Landais, F-63177 Aubiere, France

[5] Univ Paris 06, CNRS, UMR 7619, Milieux Environm Transferts & Interact Hydrosyst, 4 Pl Jussieu, F-75252 Paris 05, France

关键词: Maar lake;    Natural hazards;    Lake outburst;    Slope failure;    Slump;    Turbidite;    Limnic eruption;   

DOI  :  10.1016/j.quascirev.2016.03.020

来源: Elsevier

【 摘 要 】

A set of sedimentary cores, high resolution swath bathymetry and subbottom profiler data provides new insights on sedimentary processes in meromictic maar Lake Pavin, France. Three sedimentary environments (i.e., littoral, plateau and basin) have been identified in the lake from sediment composition using bulk organic geochemistry and the analysis of hydroacoustic images. Various forms of rapidly deposited layers (RDLs) have been identified and radiocarbon dated. An up to date stratigraphy of sedimentary events matching coeval RDLs across the lake is presented and illustrates a wide range of natural hazards linked to Lake Pavin during the last 2000 years. In AD 600, a sudden lake outburst triggered a slump deposit along with a 9 m lake-level drop that drove shifts in sedimentary organic matter composition. Outside the lake, outburst flood deposits have been described downstream and provide sedimentary evidence for this event. The lake-level drop also favored the generation of gravity reworking processes, as shown by (1) a regional earthquake-triggered large slope failure on the plateau connected to a mass wasting deposit in the basin dated to AD 1300, and (2) a succession of turbidites in AD 1825 and AD 1860 contemporaneous to two historic earthquakes, suggesting that this lake is sensitive to earthquakes with a minimum epicentral intensity of V. Finally, past observations of lake water color changes in AD 1783 and AD 1936, similar to reports in other meromictic lakes, match iron-rich deposits identified in maar lake sediments and suggest that Lake Pavin could have undergone limnic eruptions. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

【 授权许可】

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