Vitamin D Status Is Associated With Arterial Stiffness and Vascular Dysfunction in Healthy Humans

JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF CARDIOLOGY

卷:58

Article

Al Mheid, Ibhar¹  Patel, Riyaz^1,2  Murrow, Jonathan³  Morris, Alanna¹  Rahman, Ayaz¹  Fike, Lucy¹  Kavtaradze, Nino¹  Uphoff, Irina¹  Hooper, Craig⁴  Tangpricha, Vin⁶  Alexander, R. Wayne¹  Brigham, Kenneth^1,5  Quyyumi, Arshed A.¹ 

[1] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Atlanta, GA USA

[2] Cardiff Univ, Cardiff, S Glam, Wales

[3] Med Coll Georgia Univ Georgia Med Partnership, Athens, GA USA

[4] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA

[5] Emory Georgia Inst Technol Predict Hlth Inst, Atlanta, GA USA

[6] Atlanta VA Med Ctr, Atlanta, GA USA

关键词: arterial stiffness;    endothelial function;    vitamin D;   

DOI  :  10.1016/j.jacc.2011.02.051

来源: Elsevier

【 摘 要 】

Objectives The primary objective of this study was to elucidate mechanisms underlying the link between vitamin D status and cardiovascular disease by exploring the relationship between 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25-OH D), an established marker of vitamin D status, and vascular function in healthy adults. Background Mechanisms underlying vitamin D deficiency-mediated increased risk of cardiovascular disease remain unknown. Vitamin D influences endothelial and smooth muscle cell function, mediates inflammation, and modulates the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone axis. We investigated the relationship between vitamin D status and vascular function in humans, with the hypothesis that vitamin D insufficiency will be associated with increased arterial stiffness and abnormal vascular function. Methods We measured serum 25-OH D in 554 subjects. Endothelial function was assessed as brachial artery flow-mediated dilation, and microvascular function was assessed as digital reactive hyperemia index. Carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity and radial tonometry-derived central augmentation index and subendocardial viability ratio were measured to assess arterial stiffness. Results Mean 25-OH D was 31.8 +/- 14 ng/ml. After adjustment for age, sex, race, body mass index, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein, triglycerides, C-reactive protein, and medication use, 25-OH D remained independently associated with flow-mediated vasodilation (beta = 0.1, p = 0.03), reactive hyperemia index (beta = 0.23, p < 0.001), pulse wave velocity (beta = -0.09, p = 0.04), augmentation index (beta = -0.11, p = 0.03), and subendocardial viability ratio (beta = 0.18, p = 0.001). In 42 subjects with vitamin D insufficiency, normalization of 25-OH D at 6 months was associated with increases in reactive hyperemia index (0.38 +/- 0.14, p = 0.009) and subendocardial viability ratio (7.7 +/- 3.1, p = 0.04), and a decrease in mean arterial pressure (4.6 +/- 2.3 mm Hg, p = 0.02). Conclusions Vitamin D insufficiency is associated with increased arterial stiffness and endothelial dysfunction in the conductance and resistance blood vessels in humans, irrespective of traditional risk burden. Our findings provide impetus for larger trials to assess the effects of vitamin D therapy in cardiovascular disease. (J Am Coll Cardiol 2011;58:186-92) (C) 2011 by the American College of Cardiology Foundation

【 授权许可】

Free