A review of the European offshore wind innovation system

RENEWABLE & SUSTAINABLE ENERGY REVIEWS

卷:26

Review

Wieczorek, Anna J.^1,2  Negro, Simona O.¹  Harmsen, Robert¹  Heimeriks, Gaston J.¹  Luo, Lin³  Hekkert, Marko P.¹ 

[1] Univ Utrecht, Fac Geosci, Copernicus Inst Sustainable Dev, NL-3584 CS Utrecht, Netherlands

[2] Vrije Univ Amsterdam, Inst Environm Studies, NL-1087 HV Amsterdam, Netherlands

[3] European Commiss, DG JRC, Inst Energy & Transport, NL-1755 ZG Petten, Netherlands

关键词: Offshore wind;    Technological innovation system;    Systemic problems;    Systems functions;    Systemic instruments;   

DOI  :  10.1016/j.rser.2013.05.045

来源: Elsevier

【 摘 要 】

Offshore wind has the potential of becoming an important pillar of the future European energy system. It can contribute to policy objectives on climate change, energy security, green growth and social progress. However, the large potential of offshore wind does not automatically lead to a large share in future energy systems; neither does the emergent stage of development of the technology. Recent insights in innovation studies suggest that the success chances of technological innovations are, to a large extent, determined by how the surrounding system the innovation system is built up and how it functions. In this paper we assess the offshore wind innovation systems of four countries: Denmark, the UK, the Netherlands and Germany with the objective to provide recommendations for strengthening the overall European offshore wind innovation system. We use the Technological Innovation System (TIS) approach to analyse the system in 2011. Based on the analysis we identify a number of challenges that the European offshore wind sector faces. Some of them include: a serious deficiency of engineers; fragmented policies and poor alignment of national regulatory frameworks; cost of the technology and limited grid infrastructure. Since the problems hinder the entire system development we call for a systemic policy instrument that would support the innovation system around this technology and contribute to its wider diffusion in Europe. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

【 授权许可】

Free