Balancing power and variable renewables: Three links

RENEWABLE & SUSTAINABLE ENERGY REVIEWS

卷:50

Review

Hirth, Lion^1,2,3  Ziegenhagen, Inka⁴ 

[1] Neon Neue Energieokon Gmbh Neon, Berlin, Germany

[2] Mercator Res Inst Global Commons & Climate Change, Berlin, Germany

[3] Potsdam Inst Climate Impact Res PIK, Potsdam, Germany

[4] Prognos AG, Berlin, Germany

关键词: Balancing power;    Control power;    Regulating power;    Variable renewables;    Wind power;    Solar power;    Market design;   

DOI  :  10.1016/j.rser.2015.04.180

来源: Elsevier

【 摘 要 】

Balancing power is used to quickly restore the supply-demand balance in power systems. The need for this tends to be increased by the use of variable renewable energy sources (VRE) such as wind and solar power. This paper reviews three channels through which VRE and balancing systems interact: the impact of VRE forecast errors on balancing reserve requirements; the supply of balancing services by VRE generators; and the incentives to improve forecasting provided by imbalance charges. The paper reviews the literature, provides stylized facts from German market data, and suggests policy options. Surprisingly, while German wind and solar capacity has tripled since 2008, balancing reserves have been reduced by 15%, and costs by 50%. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

【 授权许可】

Free