Past visions, current trends, and future context: A review of building energy, carbon, and sustainability

RENEWABLE & SUSTAINABLE ENERGY REVIEWS

卷:82

Review

Wang, Na¹  Phelan, Patrick E.²  Harris, Chioke⁶  Langevin, Jared^3,4  Nelson, Brent⁵ 

[1] Pacific Northwest Natl Lab, 902 Battelle Blvd, Richland, WA 9354 USA

[2] Arizona State Univ, Sch Engn Matter Transport & Energy, 501 E Tyler Mall,ECG 303, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA

[3] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA

[4] 1000 Independence Ave SW, Washington, DC 20585 USA

[5] No Arizona Univ, Dept Mech Engn, POB 15600, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA

[6] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, 15013 Denver West Pkwy, Golden, CO 80401 USA

关键词: Visions;    Buildings;    Energy;    Environment;    Trends;    Technologies;   

DOI  :  10.1016/j.rser.2017.04.114

来源: Elsevier

【 摘 要 】

People spend most of their time inside buildings, and buildings are responsible for approximately one third of total direct and indirect energy-related worldwide carbon emissions. Likewise, buildings in the U.S. account for about 40% of total U.S. energy consumption. Future building development will be driven not only by emerging challenges such as vulnerability to a changing climate and resource scarcity, but also by disruptive innovations and societal changes. Acknowledging the impossibility of predicting future building evolvement, it is imperative to develop a forward-looking vision considering buildings' significant effect on global environment, primary or source energy consumption, and occupant health, productivity, and wellbeing. As a necessary step in the development of a comprehensive vision, which will be published in a separate document, this article provides an understanding of the past, present, and future building paradigms. It presents the possible future context regarding demography, environment, and resources. It also discusses how building development in the past century was shaped by technology leapfrogging and social movements. It reviews today's key technological and social trends that are likely to influence the design and function of buildings of the future.

【 授权许可】

Free