Residential proximity to urban centres, local-area walkability and change in waist circumference among Australian adults

PREVENTIVE MEDICINE

卷:93

Article

Sugiyama, Takemi^1,2,3  Theo Niyonsenga²  Howard, Natasha J.²  Coffee, Neil T.²  Paquet, Catherine^2,4  Taylor, Anne W.⁵  Daniel, Mark^2,6,7 

[1] Australian Catholic Univ, Inst Hlth & Ageing, Melbourne, Vic 3000, Australia

[2] Univ South Australia, Spatial Epidemiol & Evaluat Res Grp, Adelaide, SA, Australia

[3] Swinburne Univ Technol, Fac Hlth Arts & Design, Ctr Design Innovat, Melbourne, Vic, Australia

[4] Douglas Mental Hlth Univ Inst, Res Ctr, Verdun, PQ, Canada

[5] Univ Adelaide, Populat Res & Outcome Studies, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia

[6] Univ Melbourne, St Vincents Hosp, Dept Med, Melbourne, Vic, Australia

[7] South Australian Hlth & Med Res Inst, Adelaide, SA, Australia

关键词: Environment;    Sprawl;    Urban planning;    Central adiposity;    Longitudinal study;   

DOI  :  10.1016/j.ypmed.2016.09.028

来源: Elsevier

【 摘 要 】

Consistent associations have been observed between macro-level urban sprawl and overweight/obesity, but whether residential proximity to urban centres predicts adiposity change over time has not been established. Further, studies of local-areawalkability and overweight/obesity have generated mixed results. This study examined 4-year change in adults' waist circumference in relation to proximity to city centre, proximity to closest suburban centre, and local-area walkability. Data were from adult participants (n = 2080) of a cohort study on chronic conditions and health risk factors in Adelaide, Australia. Baseline data were collected in 2000-03 with a follow-up in 2005-06. Multilevel regression models examined in 2015 the independent and joint associations of the three environmental measures with change in waist circumference, accounting for socio-demographic covariates. On average, waist circumference rose by 1.8 cmover approximately 4 years. Greater distance to city centre was associated with a greater increase in waist circumference. Participants living in distal areas (20 km or further from city centre) had a greater increase in waist circumference (mean increase: 2.4 cm) compared to those in proximal areas (9 km or less, mean increase: 1.2 cm). Counterintuitively, living in the vicinity of a suburban centre was associated with a greater increase in adiposity. Local-area walkability was not significantly associated with the outcome. Residential proximity to city centre appears to be protective against excessive increases in waist circumference. Controlled development and targeted interventions in the urban fringe may be needed to tackle obesity. Additional research needs to assess behaviours that mediate relationships between sprawl and obesity. (C) 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

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