Adverse childhood experiences in a low-income black cohort: The importance of context

PREVENTIVE MEDICINE

卷:148

Article

Giovanelli, Alison^1,2  Reynolds, Arthur J.¹ 

[1] Univ Minnesota, Inst Child Dev, 51 E River Rd, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA

[2] Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Pediat, Div Adolescent & Young Adult Med, 3333 Calif St,Suite 245, San Francisco, CA 94118 USA

关键词: Adverse childhood experiences;    Community health;    Urban health;    Violence;    Early risk;    Black youth;   

DOI  :  10.1016/j.ypmed.2021.106557

来源: Elsevier

【 摘 要 】

Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) have been definitively linked with cross-domain life course well-being. While scales measuring the ten Conventional ACEs (ACEs-C; intrafamilial experiences of abuse, neglect, and household dysfunction) are parsimonious, use of such scales alone may fail to capture crucial information about adversity, particularly in youth growing up in underresourced areas. Patterns and disparities in Conventional and Expanded ACEs (ACEs-E; experiences more common in impoverished and densely populated areas) were examined in the large, primarily Black Chicago Longitudinal Study cohort. This cohort has been followed from the 1980s to the present. Participants in the present study, comprising over 70% of the original sample, responded to a follow-up survey between 2012 and 2017. ACE information was collected both prospectively and retrospectively. Overall ACE prevalence and differences in ACEs by sex and risk were explored using logistic regression with adjusted and unadjusted odds ratios, and chi-squared tests. Higher sociodemographic risk in early childhood was associated with higher rates of ACEs-C through adolescence. Males endorsed higher rates of ACEs-E, particularly relating to violent crime. Nearly 1/5 of participants reported only ACEs-E, which are often not measured when assessing ACEs. Findings underscore enduring effects of early childhood risk factors on ACE exposure, as well as contributions of community characteristics to childhood adversity. Given strong associations between ACEs, environment, and well-being, enhancing inclusivity in our understanding of childhood adversity is a public health priority.

【 授权许可】

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