Sweet cognition: The differential effects of glucose consumption on attentional food bias in individuals of lean and obese status

PHYSIOLOGY & BEHAVIOR

卷:206

Article

Mason, Ashley E.^1,2  Jhaveri, Kinnari³  Schleicher, Samantha^1,2,4  Almeida, Carlos^1,2  Hartman, Alison⁵  Wackerly, Angela²  Alba, Diana^6,7  Koliwad, Suneil K.^6,7  Epel, Elissa S.^1,2  Aschbacher, Kirstin^2,8 

[1] Univ Calif San Francisco, Osher Ctr Integrat Med, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA

[2] UCSF, Dept Psychiat, Ctr Hlth & Commun, San Francisco, CA USA

[3] Univ Southern Calif, Dept Psychol, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA

[4] Univ Maryland, Dept Med, College Pk, MD 20742 USA

[5] Drexel Univ, Coll Arts & Sci, Dept Psychol, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA

[6] UCSF, Dept Med, San Francisco, CA USA

[7] UCSF, Diabet Ctr, San Francisco, CA USA

[8] UCSF, Dept Med, Div Cardiol, San Francisco, CA USA

关键词: Food cues;    Obesity;    Cognitive performance;    Eating behavior;    Oral glucose tolerance task;   

DOI  :  10.1016/j.physbeh.2019.04.014

来源: Elsevier

【 摘 要 】

In general, glucose consumption improves cognitive performance; however, it is unknown whether glucose specifically alters attentional food bias, and how this process may vary by BMI status. We hypothesized that glucose consumption would increase attentional food bias among individuals of obese BMI status more so than among individuals of lean BMI status. Participants (N = 35) completed the n-back, a working memory task modified to assess attentional food bias (ATT-Food), under fasting and glucose challenge conditions. We computed pre-post changes in ATT-Food, blood glucose and insulin (Delta BG & Delta BI), and perceived task-stress (Delta stress). After the second cognitive test and blood draw, participants ate lunch and completed a taste test of highly palatable foods, and we recorded food consumption. Pre-post changes in An-Food were greater among participants of obese (relative to lean) BMI status (F(1,33) = 5.108, p=.031). Greater Delta ATT-Food was significantly associated with greater Delta BG (r=.462, p=.007) and reduced distress (r=-.422, p=.011), and marginally associated with greater taste-test eating (r=.325, p=.057), but was not associated with Delta BI. Our findings suggest that individuals of obese BMI status may exhibit sweet cognition, as indexed by greater attentional food bias following glucose ingestion, relative to individuals of lean BMI status. Among individuals of obese BMI status, sweet cognition may arise from difficulty broadening attention toward non-food cues after consuming a high glucose load, thereby potentially perpetuating sugar consumption. If confirmed by further research, measures of sweet cognition may help identify individuals with a phenotype of risk for obesity and greater sugar consumption, who may benefit from tailored interventions.

【 授权许可】

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