Neurobiology of aversive states

PHYSIOLOGY & BEHAVIOR

卷:104

Article

Umberg, Erin N.^1,2  Pothos, Emmanuel N.^1,2,3 

[1] Tufts Univ, Sch Med, Dept Mol Physiol & Pharmacol, Boston, MA 02111 USA

[2] Tufts Univ, Sch Med, Program Pharmacol & Expt Therapeut, Boston, MA 02111 USA

[3] Tufts Univ, Sch Med, Program Neurosci, Boston, MA 02111 USA

关键词: Behavior;    Reward;    Aversion;    Stress;    Drug withdrawal;    Opiate;    Food deprivation;    Conditioned taste aversion;    Conditioned place preference;    Pain;    Dopamine;    Acetylcholine;    Nucleus accumbens;    Striatum;    Obesity;    Eating disorders;    Alcohol;   

DOI  :  10.1016/j.physbeh.2011.04.045

来源: Elsevier

【 摘 要 】

Hoebel and colleagues are often known as students of reward and how it is coded in the CNS. This article, however, attempts to focus on the significant advances by Hoebel and others in dissecting out behavioral components of distinct aversive states and in understanding the neurobiology of aversion and the link between aversive states and addictive behaviors. Reward and aversion are not necessarily dichotomous and may reflect an affective continuum contingent upon environmental conditions. Descriptive and mechanistic studies pioneered by Bart Hoebel have demonstrated that the shift in the reward-aversion spectrum may be, in part, a result of changes in central dopamine/acetylcholine ratio, particularly in the nucleus accumbens. The path to aversion appears to include a specific neurochemical signature: reduced dopamine release and increased acetylcholine release in reward centers of the brain. Opioid receptors may have a neuromodulatory role on both of these neurotransmitters. (C) 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

【 授权许可】

Free