Urban inputs of fecal bacteria to the coastal zone of Libreville, Gabon, Central Western Africa

MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN

卷:168

Article

Leboulanger, Christophebg¹  Biluka, Levie Kolanou^2,3  Nzigou, Aime-Roger²  Kenmogne, Veronique Djuidje^2,3  Happi, Johann Ludovic Martial²  Ngohang, Franck Estime³  Eleng, Aminata Spanian⁴  Abaga, Norbert Ondo Zue²  Bouvy, Marc¹ 

[1] Univ Montpellier, MARBEC, CNRS, Ifremer,IRD, Sete, France

[2] Univ Sci & Tech Masuku, Franceville, Gabon

[3] Ecole Normale Super, Libreville, Gabon

[4] CENAREST, Inst Rech Agron & Forestiere, Libreville, Gabon

关键词: Fecal indicator bacteria;    Marine protected area;    Cultivability;    Tropical coastal ecosystems;    Coastal pollution;   

DOI  :  10.1016/j.marpolbul.2021.112478

来源: Elsevier

【 摘 要 】

Libreville, the largest city in Gabon, adversely impacts the Komo Estuary and the Akanda National Park aquatic ecosystems through discharge of domestic and industrial waste. Fecal Indicator Bacteria (FIB: Escherichia coli and fecal streptococci) were enumerated using culture-based methods in water from 40 sites between 2017 and 2019 including coastal outlets, mangrove channels, open bays and littoral rivers. Contamination levels were high in discharge waters from small urban rivers in Libreville agglomeration, frequently exceeding international safety guidelines, whereas FIB concentrations decreased downstream from the city in main mangrove channels. Littoral forest rivers were significantly impacted by fecal contamination despite the absence of settlements in the watersheds. Protected areas are not effective in avoiding FIB contamination, indicating inefficient waste management. Dedicated management policies should be implemented to reduce both the sanitary concern and global pollution, poorly assessed in a context of demographic increase in tropical littoral zones.

【 授权许可】

Free