Comparing methods suitable for monitoring marine mammals in low visibility conditions during seismic surveys

MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN

卷:126

Review

Verfuss, Ursula K.¹  Gillespie, Douglas²  Gordon, Jonathan³  Marques, Tiago A.^4,9  Miller, Brianne^5,10  Plunkett, Rachael¹  Theriault, James A.⁶  Tollit, Dominic J.⁵  Zitterbart, Daniel P.^7,11  Hubert, Philippe⁸  Thomas, Len⁴ 

[1] SMRU Consulting, New Technol Ctr, St Andrews KY16 9SR, Fife, Scotland

[2] Univ St Andrews, Scottish Oceans Inst, Sea Mammal Res Unit, St Andrews KY16 8LB, Fife, Scotland

[3] Marine Ecol Res, 7 Beechwood Terrace West, Newport On Tay DD6 8JH, Fife, Scotland

[4] Univ St Andrews, Ctr Res Ecol & Environm Modelling, St Andrews KY16 9LZ, Fife, Scotland

[5] SMRU Consulting, 1529 W 6th Ave, Vancouver, BC V6J 1R1, Canada

[6] Ocean Environm Consulting, 9 Ravine Pk Cres, Halifax, NS B3M 4S6, Canada

[7] Helmholtz Ctr Polar & Marine Res, Alfred Wegener Inst, Handelshafen 12, D-27570 Bremerhaven, Germany

[8] Prove Syst Ltd, Unit Mill Court 1, Mill Lane, Tayport DD6 9EL, Fife, Scotland

[9] Univ Lisbon, Fac Ciencias, Ctr Estat & Aplicacoes, P-1749016 Lisbon, Portugal

[10] 24 West 16th Ave, Vancouver, BC V5Y 1Y6, Canada

[11] Woods Hole Oceanog Inst, Appl Ocean Phys & Engn, Ocean Acoust Lab, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA

关键词: Marine mammals;    Monitoring methods;    Underwater noise;    Seismic survey;    Detection performance;    Low visibility;   

DOI  :  10.1016/j.marpolbul.2017.10.034

来源: Elsevier

【 摘 要 】

Loud sound emitted during offshore industrial activities can impact marine mammals. Regulations typically prescribe marine mammal monitoring before and/or during these activities to implement mitigation measures that minimise potential acoustic impacts. Using seismic surveys under low visibility conditions as a case study, we review which monitoring methods are suitable and compare their relative strengths and weaknesses. Passive acoustic monitoring has been implemented as either a complementary or alternative method to visual monitoring in low visibility conditions. Other methods such as RADAR, active sonar and thermal infrared have also been tested, but are rarely recommended by regulatory bodies. The efficiency of the monitoring method(s) will depend on the animal behaviour and environmental conditions, however, using a combination of complementary systems generally improves the overall detection performance. We recommend that the performance of monitoring systems, over a range of conditions, is explored in a modelling framework for a variety of species.

【 授权许可】

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