Ophthalmic effects of petroleum dispersant exposure on common murres (Uria aalge): An experimental study

MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN

卷:113

Article

Fiorello, Christine V.¹  Freeman, Kate²  Elias, Becky A.¹  Whitmer, Emily¹  Ziccardi, Michael H.¹ 

[1] Univ Calif Davis, Sch Vet Med, Hlth Inst 1, Oiled Wildlife Care Network, 1089 Vet Med Dr, Davis, CA 95616 USA

[2] Colorado State Univ, Coll Vet Med & Biomed Sci, Dept Clin Sci, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA

关键词: Chemical dispersants;    COREXIT EC9500A;    Corneal ulcers;    Oil spills;    Tear production;    Seabirds;   

DOI  :  10.1016/j.marpolbul.2016.10.027

来源: Elsevier

【 摘 要 】

The safety of chemical dispersants used during oil spill responses is largely unknown in birds. We captured common murres in Monterey Bay, CA and exposed them to Corexit EC9500a, crude oil, or a combination in artificial seawater. We performed ophthalmic examinations and measured intraocular pressures and tear production before and after exposure. Loglinear analysis found that exposure to oil or dispersant was related to the development of conjunctivitis and corneal ulcers. Odds ratios for birds exposed to oil or dispersant were positive and significant for the development of conjunctivitis, while odds ratios for the development of corneal ulcers were positive and significant only for birds exposed to a high concentration of oil. Ocular exposure to dispersants and petroleum in seabirds may cause conjunctivitis and may play a role in the development of corneal ulcers. These results have implications for policymakers who develop protocols for the use of dispersants during marine oil spills. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

【 授权许可】

Free