Dry bulk cargo shipping - An overlooked threat to the marine environment?

MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN

卷:110

Article

Grote, Matthias¹  Mazurek, Nicole¹  Graebsch, Carolin¹  Zeilinger, Jana²  Le Floch, Stephane³  Wahrendorf, Dierk-Steffen⁴  Hoefer, Thomas¹ 

[1] BfR Fed Inst Risk Assessment, Unit Transport Dangerous Goods, Max Dohrn Str 8-10, D-10589 Berlin, Germany

[2] Bluetox, Gartenstr 27, D-24103 Kiel, Germany

[3] Ctr Documentat Rech & Experimentat Pollut Acciden, Rue Alain Colas CS 41836, F-29218 Brest 2, France

[4] German Fed Inst Hydrol BfG, Mainzer Tor 1, D-56068 Koblenz, Germany

关键词: Marine pollution;    International regulation;    Maritime transport;    Dry bulk cargo;    Dumping;    Cargo residues;   

DOI  :  10.1016/j.marpolbul.2016.05.066

来源: Elsevier

【 摘 要 】

Approximately 9.5 billion tonnes of goods is transported over the world oceans annually with dry bulk representing the largest cargo group. This paper aims to analyse whether the transport and associated inputs of dry bulks into the sea create a risk for the marine environment. For this purpose, we analyse the international regulatory background concerning environmental protection (MARPOL), estimate quantities and identify inputs of such cargoes into the oceans (accidental and operational), and use available information for hazard assessment. Annually, more than 2.15 million tonnes of dry bulk cargoes are likely to enter the oceans, of which 100,000 tonnes are potentially harmful to the marine environment according to the definition included in draft maritime regulation. The assessment of the threat to the marine environment is hampered by a lack of available information on chemical composition, bioavailability and toxicity. Perspectives for amendments of the unsatisfying pollution prevention regulations are discussed. (C) 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.

【 授权许可】

Free