Visual cortical plasticity and the risk for psychosis: An interim analysis of the North American Prodrome Longitudinal Study

SCHIZOPHRENIA RESEARCH

卷:230

Article

Jacob, Michael S.^1,2,3  Roach, Brian J.¹  Hamilton, Holly K.^1,2,3  Carrion, Ricardo E.^4,5,6  Belger, Aysenil⁷  Duncan, Erica^8,9  Johannesen, Jason¹⁰  Keshavan, Matcheri^12,13  Loo, Sandra¹¹  Niznikiewicz, Margaret^12,13  Addington, Jean¹⁴  Bearden, Carrie E.¹¹  Cadenhead, Kristin S.¹⁵  Cannon, Tyrone D.^10,16  Cornblatt, Barbara A.^4,5,6,17  McGlashan, Thomas H.¹⁰  Perkins, Diana O.⁷  Stone, William^12,13  Tsuang, Ming¹⁵  Walker, Elaine F.¹⁸  Woods, Scott W.¹⁰  Mathalon, Daniel H.^1,2,3 

[1] VA San Francisco Healthcare Syst, San Francisco, CA USA

[2] Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Psychiat, San Francisco, CA USA

[3] Univ Calif San Francisco, Weill Inst Neurosci, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA

[4] North Shore Long Isl Jewish Hlth Syst, Div Psychiat Res, Zucker Hillside Hosp, Glen Oaks, NY USA

[5] North Shore Long Isl Jewish Hlth Syst, Ctr Psychiat Neurosci, Feinstein Inst Med Res, Manhasset, NY USA

[6] Hofstra North Shore LIJ Sch Med, Dept Psychiat, Hempstead, NY USA

[7] Univ N Carolina, Dept Psychiat, Chapel Hill, NC 27515 USA

[8] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat & Behav Sci, Atlanta, GA USA

[9] Atlanta Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Decatur, GA USA

[10] Yale Univ, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat, New Haven, CT USA

[11] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Semel Inst Neurosci & Human Behav, Dept Psychol, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA

[12] Harvard Med Sch, Dept Psychiat, Beth Israel Deaconess Med Ctr, Boston, MA 02115 USA

[13] Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Boston, MA 02114 USA

[14] Univ Calgary, Dept Psychiat, Calgary, AB, Canada

[15] Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Psychiat, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA

[16] Yale Univ, Dept Psychol, Sch Med, New Haven, CT USA

[17] Hofstra North Shore LIJ Sch Med, Dept Mol Med, Hempstead, NY USA

[18] Emory Univ, Dept Psychol, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA

关键词: Schizophrenia;    Psychosis;    Clinical high risk;    Visual evoked potentials;    Plasticity;   

DOI  :  10.1016/j.schres.2021.01.028

来源: Elsevier

【 摘 要 】

Background: Adolescence/early adulthood coincides with accelerated pruning of cortical synapses and the onset of schizophrenia. Cortical gray matter reduction and dysconnectivity in schizophrenia are hypothesized to result from impaired synaptic plasticity mechanisms, including long-term potentiation (LTP), since deficient LTP may result in too many weak synapses that are then subject to over-pruning. Deficient plasticity has already been observed in schizophrenia. Here, we assessed whether such deficits are present in the psychosis risk syndrome (PRS), particularly those who subsequently convert to full psychosis. Methods: An interim analysis was performed on a sub-sample from the NAPLS-3 study, including 46 healthy controls (HC) and 246 PRS participants. All participants performed an LTP-like visual cortical plasticity paradigm involving assessment of visual evoked potentials (VEPs) elicited by vertical and horizontal line gratings before and after high frequency (tetanizing) visual stimulation with one of the gratings to induce input-specific neuroplasticity (i.e., VEP changes specific to the tetanized stimulus). Non-parametric, cluster-based permutation testing was used to identify electrodes and timepoints that demonstrated input-specific plasticity effects. Results: Input-specific pre-post VEP changes (i.e., increased negative voltage) were found in a single spatiotemporal cluster covering multiple occipital electrodes in a 126-223 ms time window. This plasticity effect was deficient in PRS individuals who subsequently converted to psychosis, relative to PRS non-converters and HC. Conclusions: Input-specific LTP-like visual plasticity can be measured from VEPs in adolescents and young adults. Interim analyses suggest that deficient visual cortical plasticity is evident in those PRS individuals at greatest risk for transition to psychosis. Published by Elsevier B.V.

【 授权许可】

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