Eveningness chronotype preference among individuals at clinical high risk for psychosis

SCHIZOPHRENIA RESEARCH

卷:236

Article

Lunsford-Avery, Jessica R.¹  Pelletier-Baldelli, Andrea²  Korenic, Stephanie A.³  Schiffman, Jason⁴  Ellman, Lauren M.³  Jackson, Leah¹  Mittal, Vijay A.^5,6,7,8 

[1] Duke Univ, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat & Behav Sci, Durham, NC USA

[2] Univ N Carolina, Dept Psychiat, Chapel Hill, NC 27515 USA

[3] Temple Univ, Dept Psychol, Philadelphia, PA 19122 USA

[4] Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, Dept Psychol, Baltimore, MD 21228 USA

[5] Northwestern Univ, Dept Psychol, Evanston, IL USA

[6] Northwestern Univ, Dept Psychiat, Evanston, IL USA

[7] Northwestern Univ, Inst Policy Res, Evanston, IL USA

[8] Northwestern Univ, Dept Med Social Sci, Evanston, IL USA

关键词: Chronotype;    Diurnal preference;    Circadian rhythms;    Clinical high risk;    Psychosis;    Schizophrenia;   

DOI  :  10.1016/j.schres.2021.07.034

来源: Elsevier

【 摘 要 】

Background: Circadian rhythm disturbances are frequently implicated in psychosis. Indeed, research has sug-gested several avenues by which circadian rhythms may play a mechanistic role as well as contribute to clinical outcomes. Despite its potential role as a risk factor, little is known about circadian rhythm disruption among individuals at clinical high risk (CHR) for psychosis, clinical correlates, or specificity to the psychosis risk syndrome. Methods: Eighty-four CHR, 74 individuals with depressive disorders (DD), and 101 non-psychiatric controls (NPC) participated in structured clinical interviews and provided self-reports of chronotype preference. Clinical (positive, negative, anxious, and depressive symptoms) and social functioning outcomes were self-reported and/ or clinician-rated. Analyses of covariance controlling for demographics examined group differences in chro-notype preference, and partial Pearson correlations evaluated associations with clinical/functional outcomes. Results: Group differences were observed (F(11, 246) = 8.05, p < .001) with CHR and DD individuals indicating greater eveningness preference compared to NPC. A follow-up sensitivity analysis examining CHR participants with (n = 25) and without (n = 59) depressive disorders indicated no difference in chronotype preference (F (10,72) = 0.00, p = .99). Greater eveningness preference was related to greater negative symptoms (i.e., avo-lition; r =-0.25) and anxiety (r =-0.34) among CHR individuals. Conclusions: CHR and DD display greater preference for eveningness chronotype compared to NPC indicating the disruption is associated with a range of mental health concerns, and not specific to the psychosis-risk syndrome. However, comorbidity with DD did not appear to be driving the finding in the CHR group. Further research may examine shared versus non-shared underlying mechanisms contributing to chronotype preference across psy-chiatric presentations.

【 授权许可】

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