Forming first impressions of others in schizophrenia: Impairments in fast processing and in use of spatial frequency information

SCHIZOPHRENIA RESEARCH

卷:160

Article

Vakhrusheva, J.¹  Zemon, V.^1,2  Bar, M.^3,4  Weiskopf, N. G.^2,5  Tremeau, F.²  Petkova, E.^2,6  Su, Z.⁶  Abeles, I. Y.^2,7,8  Butler, P. D.^2,7,8 

[1] Yeshiva Univ, Ferkauf Grad Sch Psychol, Bronx, NY USA

[2] Nathan S Kline Inst Psychiat Res, Orangeburg, NY 10962 USA

[3] Bar Ilan Univ, Gonda Multidisciplinary Brain Res Ctr, IL-5290002 Ramat Gan, Israel

[4] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Martinos Ctr, Charlestown, MA USA

[5] Columbia Univ, Dept Biomed Informat, New York, NY USA

[6] NYU, Langone Med Ctr, Dept Child & Adolescent Psychiat, New York, NY USA

[7] NYU, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat, New York, NY USA

[8] CUNY, Dept Psychol, New York, NY 10021 USA

关键词: Schizophrenia;    Social cognition;    Spatial frequency;    Visual processing;    First impressions;    Threat;   

DOI  :  10.1016/j.schres.2014.10.012

来源: Elsevier

【 摘 要 】

Individuals form first impressions of others all the time, which affects their social functioning. Typical adults form threat impressions in faces with neutral expressions quickly, requiring less than 40 ms. These impressions appear to be mediated by low spatial frequency (LSF) content in the images. Little is known, however, about mechanisms of first impression formation in schizophrenia. The current study investigated how quickly individuals with schizophrenia can form consistent impressions of threat compared with controls and explored the mechanisms involved. Patients and controls were presented intact, LSF-or high spatial frequency (HSF)-filtered faces with durations that varied from 39 to 1703 ms and were asked to rate how threatening each face was on a scale from 1 to 5. In order to assess the speed of impression formation for intact faces, correlations were calculated for ratings made at each duration compared to a reference duration of 1703 ms for each group. Controls demonstrated a significant relation for intact faces presented for 39 ms, whereas patients required 390 ms to demonstrate a significant relation with the reference duration. For controls, LSFs primarily contributed to the formation of consistent threat impressions at 39 ms, whereas patients showed a trend for utilizing both LSF and HSF information to form consistent threat impressions at 390 ms. Results indicate that individuals with schizophrenia require a greater integration time to form a stable first impression of threat, which may be related to the need to utilize compensatory mechanisms such as HSF, as well as LSF, information. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

【 授权许可】

Free