Gut microbiome correlates with altered striatal dopamine receptor expression in a model of compulsive alcohol seeking

NEUROPHARMACOLOGY

卷:141

Article

Jadhav, Kshitij S.¹  Peterson, Veronica L.^2,3  Halfon, Olivier⁴  Ahern, Grace^2,5  Fouhy, Fiona^2,5  Stanton, Catherine^2,5  Dinan, Timothy G.^2,6  Cryan, John F.^2,3  Boutrel, Benjamin^1,4 

[1] Lausanne Univ Hosp, Dept Psychiat, Ctr Psychiat Neurosci, Prilly, Switzerland

[2] Univ Coll Cork, APC Microbiome Ireland, Cork, Ireland

[3] Univ Coll Cork, Dept Anat & Neurosci, Room 2-33,2nd Floor,Western Gateway Bldg, Cork, Ireland

[4] Lausanne Univ Hosp, Dept Psychiat, Div Adolescent & Child Psychiat, Prilly, Switzerland

[5] TEAGASC, Food Res Ctr, Cork, Ireland

[6] Univ Coll Cork, Dept Psychiat & Neurobehav Sci, Cork, Ireland

关键词: Alcohol addiction;    Microbiome;    Gut-brain axis;    Alcohol use disorder;    Impulsivity;   

DOI  :  10.1016/j.neuropharm.2018.08.026

来源: Elsevier

【 摘 要 】

Identifying biological markers predicting vulnerability to develop excessive alcohol consumption may lead to a real improvement of clinical care. With converging evidence suggesting that gut microbiome is capable of influencing brain and behavior, this study aimed at investigating whether changes in gut microbiome composition is associated with conditioned responses to alcohol. We trained Wistar rats to self-administer alcohol for a prolonged period before screening those exhibiting uncontrolled alcohol seeking and taking by modeling diagnostic criteria for AUD: inability to abstain during a signaled period of reward unavailability, increased motivation assessed in a progressive effortful task and persistent alcohol intake despite aversive foot shocks. Based on addiction criteria scores, rats were assigned to either Vulnerable or Resilient groups. Vulnerable rats not only displayed increased impulsive and compulsive behaviors, but also displayed increased relapse after abstinence and increased sensitivity to baclofen treatments compared to resilient animals. Then, rats underwent a 3-month wash out period before sacrifice. Dorsal striatum was collected to assess dopamine receptor mRNA expression, and 16S microbiome sequencing was performed on caecal contents. Multiple significant correlations were found between gut microbiome and impulsivity measures, as well as augmentations in striatal Dopamine 1 receptor (D1R) and reductions in D2R as vulnerability to AUD increased. Therefore, using a singular translational approach based on biobehavioral dispositions to excessive alcohol seeking without heavy intoxication, our observations suggests an association between gut microbiome composition and these specific at risk behavioral traits observed in our translationally relevant model.

【 授权许可】

Free