Astrogliopathology in neurological, neurodevelopmental and psychiatric disorders

NEUROBIOLOGY OF DISEASE

卷:85

Article

Verkhratsky, Alexei^1,2,3,4  Parpura, Vladimir^5,6,7 

[1] Univ Manchester, Fac Life Sci, Manchester M13 9PT, Lancs, England

[2] Ikerbasque, Basque Fdn Sci, Achucarro Ctr Neurosci, E-48011 Bilbao, Spain

[3] Univ Basque Country UPV EHU, Dept Neurosci, Leioa, Spain

[4] CIBERNED, Leioa, Spain

[5] Univ Alabama Birmingham, Civitan Int Res Ctr, Dept Neurobiol, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA

[6] Univ Alabama Birmingham, Ctr Glial Biol Med, Evelyn F McKnight Brain Inst, Atom Force Microscopy & Nanotechnol Labs, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA

[7] Univ Rijeka, Dept Biotechnol, Rijeka 51000, Croatia

关键词: Neuroglia;    Astrocyte;    Reactive astrogliosis;    Neurological diseases;    Hepatic encephalopathy;    Psychiatric diseases;    Neurodegeneration;   

DOI  :  10.1016/j.nbd.2015.03.025

来源: Elsevier

【 摘 要 】

Astroglial cells represent a main element in the maintenance of homeostasis and providing defense to the brain. Consequently, their dysfunction underlies many, if not all, neurological, neurodevelopmental and neuropsychiatric disorders. General astrogliopathy is evident in diametrically opposing morpho-functional changes in astrocytes, i.e. their hypertrophy along with reactivity or atrophy with asthenia. Neurological disorders with astroglial participation can be genetic, of which Alexander disease is a primary sporadic astrogliopathy, environmentally caused, such as heavy metal encephalopathies, or neurodevelopmental in origin. Astroglia contribute to neurodegenerative processes seen in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Alzheimer's and Huntington's diseases. Furthermore, astroglia also play a role in major neuropsychiatric disorders, ranging from schizophrenia to depression, as well as in addictive disorders. (C) 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

【 授权许可】

Free