Acute oxidative stress and systemic Nrf2 activation by the ketogenic diet

NEUROBIOLOGY OF DISEASE

卷:40

Article

Milder, Julie B.²  Liang, Li-Ping¹  Patel, Manisha^1,2 

[1] Univ Colorado, Dept Pharmaceut Sci, Aurora, CO 80045 USA

[2] Univ Colorado, Grad Program Neurosci, Aurora, CO 80045 USA

关键词: Ketogenic diet;    Epilepsy;    Glutathione;    Mitochondria;    Oxidative stress;    Nrf2;    4-Hydroxy-2-nonenal;   

DOI  :  10.1016/j.nbd.2010.05.030

来源: Elsevier

【 摘 要 】

The mechanisms underlying the efficacy of the ketogenic diet (KD) remain unknown. Recently, we showed that the KD increased glutathione (GSH) biosynthesis. Since the NF E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) transcription factor is a primary responder to cellular stress and can upregulate GSH biosynthesis, we asked whether the KD activates the Nrf2 pathway. Here we report that rats consuming a KD show acute production of H2O2 from hippocampal mitochondria, which decreases below control levels by 3 weeks, suggestive of an adaptive response. 4-Hydroxy-2-nonenal (4-HNE), an electrophilic lipid peroxidation end product known to activate the Nrf2 detoxification pathway, was also acutely increased by the KD. Nrf2 nuclear accumulation was evident in both the hippocampus and liver, and the Nrf2 target, NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase (NQO1), exhibited increased activity in both the hippocampus and liver after 3 weeks. We also found chronic depletion of liver tissue GSH, while liver mitochondrial antioxidant capacity was preserved. These data suggest that the KD initially produces mild oxidative and electrophilic stress, which may systemically activate the Nrf2 pathway via redox signaling, leading to chronic cellular adaptation, induction of protective proteins, and improvement of the mitochondrial redox state. (c) 2010 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

【 授权许可】

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