Electrophysiological biomarkers of epileptogenicity after traumatic brain injury

NEUROBIOLOGY OF DISEASE

卷:123

Review

Perucca, Piero^1,2,3,4  Smith, Gregory⁵  Santana-Gomez, Cesar⁶  Bragin, Anatol⁶  Staba, Richard⁶ 

[1] Monash Univ, Dept Neurosci, Cent Clin Sch, Melbourne, Australia

[2] Royal Melbourne Hosp, Dept Neurol, Melbourne, Vic, Australia

[3] Alfred Hlth, Dept Neurol, Melbourne, Vic, Australia

[4] Univ Melbourne, Melbourne Med Sch, Melbourne, Vic, Australia

[5] UCLA, David Geffen Sch Med, Dept Neurosurg, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA

[6] UCLA, David Geffen Sch Med, Dept Neurol, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA

关键词: Post-traumatic epilepsy;    Traumatic brain injury;    Epileptogenesis;    Seizure;    EEG;    Electrophysiology;    Biomarker;    High-frequency oscillations;    Repetitive HFOs and spikes;    Sleep spindles;   

DOI  :  10.1016/j.nbd.2018.06.002

来源: Elsevier

【 摘 要 】

Post-traumatic epilepsy is the architype of acquired epilepsies, wherein a brain insult initiates an epileptogenic process culminating in an unprovoked seizure after weeks, months or years. Identifying biomarkers of such process is a prerequisite for developing and implementing targeted therapies aimed at preventing the development of epilepsy. Currently, there are no validated electrophysiological biomarkers of post-traumatic epileptogenesis. Experimental EEG studies using the lateral fluid percussion injury model have identified three candidate biomarkers of post-traumatic epileptogenesis: pathological high-frequency oscillations (HFOs, 80-300 Hz); repetitive HFOs and spikes (rHFOSs); and reduction in sleep spindle duration and dominant frequency at the transition from stage III to rapid eye movement sleep. EEG studies in humans have yielded conflicting data; recent evidence suggests that epileptiform abnormalities detected acutely after traumatic brain injury carry a significantly increased risk of subsequent epilepsy. Well-designed studies are required to validate these promising findings, and ultimately establish whether there are post-traumatic electrophysiological features which can guide the development of 'antiepileptogenic' therapies.

【 授权许可】

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