Brain reserve, cognitive reserve, compensation, and maintenance: operationalization, validity, and mechanisms of cognitive resilience

NEUROBIOLOGY OF AGING

卷:83

Article; Proceedings Paper

Stern, Yaakov¹  Barnes, Carol A.^2,3,4  Grady, Cheryl^5,6,7  Jones, Richard N.^8,9  Raz, Naftali^10,11,12 

[1] Columbia Univ, Dept Neurol, Cognit Neurosci Div, New York, NY USA

[2] Univ Arizona, Dept Psychol, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA

[3] Univ Arizona, Dept Neurol & Neurosci, Tucson, AZ USA

[4] Univ Arizona, Evelyn F McKnight Brain Inst, Tucson, AZ USA

[5] Univ Toronto, Baycrest Ctr, Rotman Res Inst, Toronto, ON, Canada

[6] Univ Toronto, Dept Psychol, Toronto, ON, Canada

[7] Univ Toronto, Dept Psychiat, Toronto, ON, Canada

[8] Brown Univ, Dept Neurol, Providence, RI 02912 USA

[9] Brown Univ, Dept Psychiat & Human Behav, Providence, RI 02912 USA

[10] Wayne State Univ, Inst Gerontol, Detroit, MI 48202 USA

[11] Wayne State Univ, Dept Psychol, 71 W Warren Ave, Detroit, MI 48202 USA

[12] Max Planck Inst Human Dev, Ctr Lifespan Psychol, Berlin, Germany

关键词: Cognitive aging;    Measurement;    Animal models;    MRI;    Functional connectivity;   

DOI  :  10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2019.03.022

来源: Elsevier

【 摘 要 】

Significant individual differences in the trajectories of cognitive aging and in age-related changes of brain structure and function have been reported in the past half-century. In some individuals, significant pathological changes in the brain are observed in conjunction with relatively well-preserved cognitive performance. Multiple constructs have been invoked to explain this paradox of resilience, including brain reserve, cognitive reserve, brain maintenance, and compensation. The aim of this session of the Cognitive Aging Summit III was to examine the overlap and distinctions in definitions and measurement of these constructs, to discuss their neural and behavioral correlates and to propose plausible mechanisms of individual cognitive resilience in the face of typical age-related neural declines. (C) 2019 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

【 授权许可】

Free