Higher-order cognitive training effects on processing speed-related neural activity: a randomized trial

NEUROBIOLOGY OF AGING

卷:62

Article

Motes, Michael A.¹  Yezhuvath, Uma S.²  Aslan, Sina^1,2  Spence, Jeffrey S.¹  Rypma, Bart¹  Chapman, Sandra B.¹ 

[1] Univ Texas Dallas, Ctr BrainHlth, 2200 West Mockingbird Lane, Dallas, TX 75235 USA

[2] Adv MRI LLC, Frisco, TX USA

关键词: Aging;    Cognitive training;    Reasoning;    Processing speed;    Neuroplasticity;    fMRI;    DSVT;    Exercise;   

DOI  :  10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2017.10.003

来源: Elsevier

【 摘 要 】

Higher-order cognitive training has shown to enhance performance in older adults, but the neural mechanisms underlying performance enhancement have yet to be fully disambiguated. This randomized trial examined changes in processing speed and processing speed-related neural activity in older participants (57-71 years of age) who underwent cognitive training (CT, N = 12) compared with wait-listed (WLC, N = 15) or exercise-training active (AC, N = 14) controls. The cognitive training taught cognitive control functions of strategic attention, integrative reasoning, and innovation over 12 weeks. All 3 groups worked through a functional magnetic resonance imaging processing speed task during 3 sessions (baseline, mid-training, and post-training). Although all groups showed faster reaction times (RTs) across sessions, the CT group showed a significant increase, and the WLC and AC groups showed significant decreases across sessions in the association between RT and BOLD signal change within the left prefrontal cortex (PFC). Thus, cognitive training led to a change in processing speed-related neural activity where faster processing speed was associated with reduced PFC activation, fitting previously identified neural efficiency profiles. (C) 2017 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc.

【 授权许可】

Free