Dynamic internal states shape memory retrieval

NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA

卷:138

Article

Tarder-Stoll, Hannah¹  Jayakumar, Manasi¹  Dimsdale-Zucker, Halle R.¹  Gunseli, Eren¹  Aly, Mariam^1,2 

[1] Columbia Univ, Dept Psychol, New York, NY 10027 USA

[2] Columbia Univ, Zuckerman Mind Brain Behav Inst, New York, NY 10027 USA

关键词: Episodic memory;    Goal states;    Neuromodulation;    Goal-directed attention;    Medial temporal lobe;    Prefrontal cortex;   

DOI  :  10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2019.107328

来源: Elsevier

【 摘 要 】

Why do we sometimes easily retrieve memories, but other times appear to forget them? We often look to our external environment for retrieval cues, but another way to optimize memory retrieval is to be in a mental state, or mode, that prioritizes access to our internal representation of the world. Such a 'retrieval mode' was proposed by Endel Tulving (1983), who considered it a neurocognitive state in which one keeps the goal of memory retrieval in mind. Building on Tulving's proposal, we review converging evidence from multiple lines of research that emphasize the importance of internal states in the instantiation of retrieval modes that optimize successful remembering. We identify three key factors that contribute to a retrieval mode by modulating either the likelihood or the content of retrieval: (1) an intention to remember or forget (either in the present or the future), (2) attentional selection of goal-relevant memories and suppression of distractors, and (3) fluctuating levels of acetylcholine in the hippocampus. We discuss empirical evidence that these internal states individually influence memory retrieval and propose how they may interact synergistically. Characterizing these dynamic internal factors is an important key for unlocking our understanding of the organization and accessibility of our memories.

【 授权许可】

Free