Study Protocol, Sample Characteristics, and Loss to Follow-Up: The OPPERA Prospective Cohort Study

JOURNAL OF PAIN

卷:14

Article

Bair, Eric^1,2,3  Brownstein, Naomi C.³  Ohrbach, Richard⁷  Greenspan, Joel D.^8,9,10  Dubner, Ronald^8,9,10  Fillingim, Roger B.^11,12  Maixner, William^1,2,4  Smith, Shad B.^1,2  Diatchenko, Luda^1,2,13,14,15  Gonzalez, Yoly⁷  Gordon, Sharon M.^8,10  Lim, Pei-Feng^1,2  Ribeiro-Dasilva, Margarete¹⁶  Dampier, Dawn¹⁷  Knott, Charles¹⁷  Slade, Gary D.^1,5,6 

[1] Univ N Carolina, Reg Ctr Neurosensory Disorders, Chapel Hill, NC USA

[2] Univ N Carolina, Dept Endodont, Chapel Hill, NC USA

[3] Univ N Carolina, Dept Biostat, Chapel Hill, NC USA

[4] Univ N Carolina, Dept Pharmacol, Chapel Hill, NC USA

[5] Univ N Carolina, Dept Dent Ecol, Chapel Hill, NC USA

[6] Univ N Carolina, Dept Epidemiol, Chapel Hill, NC USA

[7] SUNY Buffalo, Dept Oral Diagnost Sci, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA

[8] Univ Maryland, Sch Dent, Dept Oral & Maxillofacial Surg, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA

[9] Univ Maryland, Sch Dent, Dept Neural & Pain Sci, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA

[10] Univ Maryland, Sch Dent, Brotman Facial Pain Ctr, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA

[11] Univ Florida, Coll Dent, Dept Community Dent & Behav Sci, Gainesville, FL USA

[12] Pain Res & Intervent Ctr Excellence, Gainesville, FL USA

[13] Univ N Carolina, Carolina Ctr Genome Sci, Chapel Hill, NC USA

[14] McGill Univ, Dept Anesthesia, Montreal, PQ, Canada

[15] McGill Univ, Alan Edwards Ctr Resarch Pain, Montreal, PQ, Canada

[16] Univ Florida, Coll Dent, Dept Restorat Dent Sci, Div Prosthodont, Gainesville, FL USA

[17] Battelle Mem Inst, Durham, NC USA

关键词: Temporomandibular disorder;    cohort studies;    population statistics;    epidemiologic methods;    proportional hazards models;   

DOI  :  10.1016/j.jpain.2013.06.006

来源: Elsevier

【 摘 要 】

When studying incidence of pain conditions such as temporomandibular disorder (TMD), repeated monitoring is needed in prospective cohort studies. However, monitoring methods usually have limitations and, over a period of years, some loss to follow-up is inevitable. The OPPERA prospective cohort study of first-onset TMD screened for symptoms using quarterly questionnaires and examined symptomatic participants to definitively ascertain TMD incidence. During the median 2.8-year observation period, 16% of the 3,263 enrollees completed no follow-up questionnaires, others provided incomplete follow-up, and examinations were not conducted for one third of symptomatic episodes. Although screening methods and examinations were found to have excellent reliability and validity, they were not perfect. Loss to follow-up varied according to some putative TMD risk factors, although multiple imputation to correct the problem suggested that bias was minimal. A second method of multiple imputation that evaluated bias associated with omitted and dubious examinations revealed a slight underestimate of incidence and some small biases in hazard ratios used to quantify effects of risk factors. Although bottom line statistical conclusions were not affected, multiply-imputed estimates should be considered when evaluating the large number of risk factors under investigation in the OPPERA study. (C) 2013 by the American Pain Society

【 授权许可】

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