Paradise lost? Pesticide pollution in a European region with considerable amount of traditional agriculture

WATER RESEARCH

卷:188

Article

Schreiner, Verena C.¹  Link, Moritz¹  Kunz, Stefan¹  Szoecs, Eduard¹  Scharmueller, Andreas¹  Vogler, Bernadette²  Beck, Birgit²  Battes, Karina P.³  Cimpean, Mirela³  Singer, Heinz P.²  Hollender, Juliane²  Schaefer, Ralf B.¹ 

[1] Univ Koblenz Landau, Inst Environm Sci, iES Landau, Fortstr 7, D-76829 Landau, Germany

[2] Swiss Fed Inst Aquat Sci & Technol, Eawag, CH-8600 Dubendorf, Switzerland

[3] Babes Bolyai Univ, Fac Biol & Geol, Dept Taxon & Ecol, 5-7 Clinicilor Str, Cluj Napoca 400006, Romania

关键词: Monitoring;    Pesticide toxicity;    Anthropogenic stressors;    Streams;    Drivers;    Romania;   

DOI  :  10.1016/j.watres.2020.116528

来源: Elsevier

【 摘 要 】

Pesticide contamination of agricultural streams has widely been analysed in regions of high intensity agriculture such as in Western Europe or North America. The situation of streams subject to low intensity agriculture relying on human and animal labour, as in parts of Romania, remains unknown. To close this gap, we determined concentrations of 244 pesticides and metabolites at 19 low-order streams, covering sites from low to high intensity agriculture in a region of Romania. Pesticides were sampled with two passive sampling methods (styrene-divinylbenzene (SDB) disks and polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) sheets) during three rainfall events and at base flow. Using the toxic unit approach, we assessed the toxicity towards algae and invertebrates. Up to 50 pesticides were detected simultaneously, resulting in sum concentrations between 0.02 and 37 mu g L-1. Both, the sum concentration as well as the toxicities were in a similar range as in high intensity agricultural streams of Western Europe. Different proxies of agricultural intensity did not relate to in-stream pesticide toxicity, contradicting the assumption of previous studies. The toxicity towards invertebrates was positively related to large scale variables such as the catchment size and the agricultural land use in the upstream catchment and small scale variables including riparian plant height, whereas the toxicity to algae showed no relationship to any of the variables. Our results suggest that streams in low intensity agriculture, despite a minor reported use of agrochemicals, exhibit similar levels of pesticide pollution as in regions of high intensity agriculture. (C) 2020 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

【 授权许可】

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