Methodological approaches for monitoring opportunistic pathogens in premise plumbing: A review

WATER RESEARCH

卷:117

Review

Wang, Hong¹  Bedard, Emilie²  Prevost, Michele²  Camper, Anne K.^3,4  Hill, Vincent R.⁵  Pruden, Amy⁶ 

[1] Tongji Univ, Coll Environm Sci & Engn, State Key Lab Pollut Control & Resource Reuse, Shanghai 200092, Peoples R China

[2] Polytech Montreal, Dept Civil Engn, Montreal, PQ, Canada

[3] Montana State Univ, Ctr Biofilm Engn, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA

[4] Montana State Univ, Dept Civil Engn, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA

[5] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Waterborne Dis Prevent Branch, 1600 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA

[6] Virginia Tech, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA

关键词: Opportunistic pathogens;    Premise plumbing;    Sampling procedures;    Culturing;    Molecular methods;   

DOI  :  10.1016/j.watres.2017.03.046

来源: Elsevier

【 摘 要 】

Opportunistic premise (i.e., building) plumbing pathogens (OPPPs, e.g., Legionella pneumophila, Mycobacterium avium complex, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Acanthamoeba, and Naeg(eria fowleri) are a significant and growing source of disease. Because OPPPs establish and grow as part of the native drinking water microbiota, they do not correspond to fecal indicators, presenting a major challenge to standard drinking water monitoring practices. Further, different OPPPs present distinct requirements for sampling, preservation, and analysis, creating an impediment to their parallel detection. The aim of this critical review is to evaluate the state of the science of monitoring OPPPs and identify a path forward for their parallel detection and quantification in a manner commensurate with the need for reliable data that is informative to risk assessment and mitigation. Water and biofilm sampling procedures, as well as factors influencing sample representativeness and detection sensitivity, are critically evaluated with respect to the five representative bacterial and amoebal OPPPs noted above. Available culturing and molecular approaches are discussed in terms of their advantages, limitations, and applicability. Knowledge gaps and research needs towards standardized approaches are identified. (C) 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

【 授权许可】

Free