Occurrence of coliphage in raw wastewater and in ambient water: A meta-analysis

WATER RESEARCH

卷:153

Article

Nappier, Sharon P.¹  Hong, Tao²  Ichida, Audrey²  Goldstone, Alexandra²  Eftim, Sorina E.² 

[1] US EPA, Off Water, Off Sci & Technol, 1200 Penn Ave NW, Washington, DC 20460 USA

[2] ICF LLC, 9300 Lee Highway, Fairfax, VA 22031 USA

关键词: Raw wastewater;    Ambient water;    Systematic review;    Microbial risk assessment;    Male-specific coliphage;    Somatic coliphage;   

DOI  :  10.1016/j.watres.2018.12.058

来源: Elsevier

【 摘 要 】

Coliphage have been proposed as indicators of fecal contamination in recreational waters because they better reflect the persistence of pathogenic viruses in the environment and through wastewater treatment than traditional fecal indicator bacteria. Herein, we conducted a systematic literature search of peer-reviewed publications to identify coliphage density data (somatic and male-specific, or MSC) in raw wastewater and ambient waters. The literature review inclusion criteria included scope, study quality, and data availability. A non-parametric two-stage bootstrap analysis was used to estimate the coliphage distributions in raw wastewater and account for geographic region and season. Additionally, two statistical methodologies were explored for developing coliphage density distributions in ambient waters, to account for the nondetects in the datasets. In raw wastewater, the analysis resulted in seasonal density distributions of somatic coliphage (SC) (mean 6.5 log(10) plaque forming units (PFU)/L; 95% confidence interval (CI): 6.2-6.8) and MSC (mean 5.9 log(10) PFU/L; 95% CI: 5.5-6.1). In ambient waters, 49% of MSC samples were nondetects, compared with less than 5% for SC. Overall distributional estimates of ambient densities of coliphage were statistically higher for SC than for MSC (mean 3.4 and 1.0 log(10) PFU/L, respectively). Distributions of coliphage in raw wastewater and ambient water will be useful for future microbial risk assessments. Published by Elsevier Ltd.

【 授权许可】

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