Quantitative biofouling diagnosis in full scale nanofiltration and reverse osmosis installations

WATER RESEARCH

卷:42

Article

Vrouwenvelder, J. S.^1,2,3  Manolarakis, S. A.²  van der Hoek, J. P.⁴  van Paassen, J. A. M.⁵  van der Meer, W. G. J.^5,6  van Agtmaal, J. M. C.⁷  Prummel, H. D. M.⁸  Kruithof, J. C.⁹  van Loosdrecht, M. C. M.³ 

[1] Wetsus, Ctr Excellence Sustainable Water Technol, NL-8900 CC Leeuwarden, Netherlands

[2] KWR, NL-3430 BB Nieuwegein, Netherlands

[3] Delft Univ Technol, Dept Biotechnol, NL-2628 BC Delft, Netherlands

[4] Waternet, NL-1090 GJ Amsterdam, Netherlands

[5] Vitens, NL-8200 BB Lelystad, Netherlands

[6] Univ Twente, NL-7500 AE Enschede, Netherlands

[7] Evides Ind Water, NL-3006 AL Rotterdam, Netherlands

[8] Water Lab N, NL-9470 AA Zuidlaren, Netherlands

[9] PWN Water Supply Co N Holland, NL-1990 AC Velserbroek, Netherlands

关键词: Membrane;    Water treatment;    Biofouling;    Scaling;    Biofilm;    Diagnosis;    Feed channel pressure drop;    Nanofiltration;    Reverse osmosis;    Drinking water;   

DOI  :  10.1016/j.watres.2008.09.002

来源: Elsevier

【 摘 要 】

Biofilm accumulation in nanofiltration and reverse osmosis membrane elements results in a relative increase of normalised pressure drop (Delta NPD). However, an increase in Delta NPD is not exclusively linked to biofouling. In order to quantify biofouling, the biomass parameters adenosine triphosphate (ATP), total cell count and heterotrophic plate count in membrane elements were investigated during membrane autopsies and compared with Delta NPD in test rigs and 15 full scale investigations with different types of feed water. The combination of biomass related parameters ATP and total cell count in membrane elements seem to be suitable parameters for diagnosis of biofouling, whereas plate counts were not appropriate to assess biofouling. The applied Delta NPD measurement was too insensitive for early detection of fouling. Measurements of biological parameters in the water were shown to be not appropriate in quantifying biofouling. Evidently, there is a need for a practical tool, sensitive pressure drop data and systematic research. (C) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

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