An empirical determination of the whole-life cost of FO-based open-loop wastewater reclamation technologies

WATER RESEARCH

卷:163

Article

Jalab, Rem¹  Awad, Abdelrahman M.¹  Nasser, Mustafa S.¹  Minier-Matar, Joel²  Adham, Samer²  Judd, Simon J.³ 

[1] Qatar Univ, Coll Engn, Gas Proc Ctr, Doha, Qatar

[2] Qatar Sci & Technol Pk, ConocoPhillips Global Water Sustainabil Ctr, Doha, Qatar

[3] Cranfield Univ, Cranfield Water Sci Inst, Cranfield, Beds, England

关键词: Forward osmosis;    Cost;    Osmotic MBR;    Reverse osmosis;    Wastewater reuse;   

DOI  :  10.1016/j.watres.2019.114879

来源: Elsevier

【 摘 要 】

Over the past 5-10 years it has become apparent that the significant energy benefit provided by forward osmosis (FO) for desalination arises only when direct recovery of the permeate product from the solution used to transfer the water through the membrane (the draw solution) is obviated. These circumstances occur specifically when wastewater purification is combined with saline water desalination. It has been suggested that, for such an open loop system, the FO technology offers a lower-cost water reclamation option than the conventional process based on reverse osmosis (RO). An analysis is presented of the costs incurred by this combined treatment objective. Three process schemes are considered combining the FO or RO technologies with membrane bioreactors (MBRs): MBR-RO, MBR-FO-RO and osmotic MBR (OMBR)-RO. Calculation of the normalised net present value (NPV/permeate flow) proceeded through developing a series of empirical equations based on available individual capital and operating cost data. Cost curves (cost vs. flow capacity) were generated for each option using literature MBR and RO data, making appropriate assumptions regarding the design and operation of the novel FO and OMBR technologies. Calculations revealed the MBR-FO-RO and OMBR-RO schemes to respectively offer a similar to 20% and similar to 30% NPV benefit over the classical MBR-RO scheme at a permeate flow of 10,000 m(3) d(-1), provided the respective schemes are applied to high and low salinity wastewaters. Outcomes are highly sensitive to the FO or OMBR flux sustained: the relative NPV benefit (compared to the classical system) of the OMBR-RO scheme declined from 30% to similar to 4% on halving the OMBR flux from a value of 6 L m(-2). h(-1). (C) 2019 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

【 授权许可】

Free