Site-scale Urban Water Mass Balance Assessment (SUWMBA) to quantify water performance of urban design-technology-environment configurations

WATER RESEARCH

卷:188

Article

Moravej, Mojtaba^1,2  Renouf, Marguerite A.^1,2  Lam, Ka Leung^2,3  Kenway, Steven J.^1,2  Urich, Christian^2,4 

[1] Univ Queensland, Adv Water Management Ctr, St Lucia, Qld 4072, Australia

[2] Cooperat Res Ctr Water Sensit Cities, Melbourne, Vic, Australia

[3] Delft Univ Technol, Dept Water Management, Stevinweg 1, NL-2628 CN Delft, Netherlands

[4] Monash Univ, Dept Civil Engn, Clayton, Vic 3800, Australia

关键词: Water sensitive urban design (WSUD);    Performance-based urban planning;    Urban infill;    Integrated urban water system modelling;    Urban water metabolism;    Recycling;   

DOI  :  10.1016/j.watres.2020.116477

来源: Elsevier

【 摘 要 】

Historically, little consideration has been given to water performance of urban developments such as hydrological naturalness or local water self-sufficiency. This has led to problems with increased stormwater runoff, flooding, and lack of local contributions to urban water security. Architectural design, water servicing technologies and environmental conditions are each known to influence water performance. However, most existing models have overlooked the integration of these factors. In this work, we asked 'how the water performance of urban developments at site-scale can be quantified, with joint consideration of architectural design, water servicing technologies, and environmental context (i.e. climate and soil)'. Answering this question led to the development of a new method and tool called Site-scale Urban Water Mass Balance Assessment (SUWMBA). It uses a daily urban water mass balance to simulate design-technology-environment configurations. Key features include: (i) a three-dimensional boundary focussed on the entity of development (ii) a comprehensive water balance accounting for all urban water flows, (iii) methods that include key variables capturing the interactions of natural, built-environment and sociotechnological systems on water performance. SUWMBA's capabilities were demonstrated through an evaluation of a residential infill development case study with alternative design-technology-environment configurations, combining three dwelling designs, seven water technologies and three environmental contexts. The evaluation showed how a configuration can be identified that strikes a balance between the conflicting objectives of achieving the desired dwelling densities whilst simultaneously improving water performance. For two climate zones, the optimal configuration increases the total number of residents by 300% while reducing the imported water per capita and stormwater discharge by 45% and 15%, respectively. We infer that SUWMBA could have strong potential to contribute to performance-based urban design and planning by enabling the water performance of dwelling designs to be quantified, and by facilitating the setting of locally-specific water performance objectives and targets. (C) 2020 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

【 授权许可】

Free