Evaluating four measures of water quality in clay pots and plastic safe storage containers in Kenya

WATER RESEARCH

卷:104

Article

Murphy, Jennifer L.¹  Ayers, Tracy L.¹  Knee, Jacqueline¹  Oremo, Jared²  Odhiambo, Aloyce²  Faith, Sitnah H.²  Nyagol, Ronald O.²  Stauber, Christine E.³  Lantagne, Daniele S.⁴  Quick, Robert E.¹ 

[1] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Waterborne Dis Prevent Branch, Div Foodborne Waterborne & Environm Dis, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA

[2] Safe Water & AIDS Project, Kisumu, Kenya

[3] Georgia State Univ, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA

[4] Tufts Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Boston, MA 02111 USA

关键词: Chlorination;    Household water treatment;    Safe water storage;   

DOI  :  10.1016/j.watres.2016.08.022

来源: Elsevier

【 摘 要 】

Household water treatment with chlorine can improve microbiological' quality and reduce diarrhea. Chlorination is typically assessed using free chlorine residual (FCR), with a lower acceptable limit of 0.2 mg/L, however, accurate measurement of FCR is challenging with turbid water. To compare potential measures of adherence to treatment and water quality, we chlorinated recently-collected water in rural Kenyan households and measured total chlorine residual (TCR), FCR, oxidation reduction potential (ORP), and E. coli concentration over 72 h in clay and plastic containers. Results showed that 1) ORP served as a useful proxy for chlorination in plastic containers up to 24 h; 2) most stored water samples disinfected by chlorination remained significantly less contaminated than source water for up to 72 h, even in the absence of FCR; 3) TCR may be a useful proxy indicator of microbiologic water quality because it confirms previous chlorination and is associated with a lower risk of E. coli contamination compared to untreated source water; and 4) chlorination is more effective in plastic than clay containers presumably because of lower chlorine demand in plastic. Published by Elsevier Ltd.

【 授权许可】

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