Cardiometabolic sex differences in adults born small for gestational age

Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine

Cardiovascular Medicine

Gabriel Bernardino¹  Francesca Crovetto²  Mérida Rodríguez-López³  Álvaro Sepúlveda-Martínez⁴  Fàtima Crispi⁵  Eduard Gratacós⁵  Carolina Pajuelo⁶  Marta Sitges⁷  Bart Bijnens⁸ 

[1] BCN Medtech, Department of Information and Communication Technologies, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain;BCNatal - Barcelona Center for Maternal-Fetal and Neonatal Medicine (Hospital Clínic and Hospital Sant Joan de Deu), Centro de Investigaciones Biomédica en Red – Enfermedades Raras, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain;BCNatal - Barcelona Center for Maternal-Fetal and Neonatal Medicine (Hospital Clínic and Hospital Sant Joan de Deu), Centro de Investigaciones Biomédica en Red – Enfermedades Raras, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain;Faculty of Health Science, Universidad Icesi, Cali, Colombia;Clinical Research Center, Fundación Valle del Lili, Cali, Colombia;BCNatal - Barcelona Center for Maternal-Fetal and Neonatal Medicine (Hospital Clínic and Hospital Sant Joan de Deu), Centro de Investigaciones Biomédica en Red – Enfermedades Raras, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain;Fetal Medicine Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hospital Clínico Universidad de Chile, Santiago de Chile, Chile;BCNatal - Barcelona Center for Maternal-Fetal and Neonatal Medicine (Hospital Clínic and Hospital Sant Joan de Deu), Centro de Investigaciones Biomédica en Red – Enfermedades Raras, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain;Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi I Sunyer, Barcelona, Spain;Institut Clínic Cardiovascular, Hospital Clínic, Centre for Biomedical Research on CardioVascular Diseases (CIBERCV), Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain;Institut Clínic Cardiovascular, Hospital Clínic, Centre for Biomedical Research on CardioVascular Diseases (CIBERCV), Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain;Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi I Sunyer, Barcelona, Spain;Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi I Sunyer, Barcelona, Spain;Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain;

关键词: fetal programming;    cardiovascular disease;    sex differences;    low birth weight;    echocardiography;    electrocardiography;    blood pressure;   

DOI  :  10.3389/fcvm.2023.1223928

 received in 2023-05-16, accepted in 2023-10-03,  发布年份 2023

来源: Frontiers

【 摘 要 】

AimThis study aimed to assess the cardiometabolic sex similarities and differences in adults born small for gestational age.MethodsThis study was an ambispective cohort study from a birth registry in Barcelona, Spain, including 523 adult participants (20–40 years-old) subdivided as born small for gestational age (SGA, if birth weight <10th centile) or adequate fetal growth for gestational age (AGA). Cardiometabolic health was assessed by echocardiography, electrocardiogram, blood pressure measurement, vascular ultrasound, anthropometric measurements, and serum glycemia and lipid profile. Stratified analyses by sex were performed by estimation of adjusted absolute difference (AAD) using inverse probability weighting.ResultsCompared with AGA, the stratified analyses by sex showed a more pronounced reduction in ejection fraction [AAD: female −1.73 (95% CI −3.2 to −0.28) vs. male −1.33 (−3.19 to 0.52)] and increment in heart rate [female 3.04 (0.29–5.8) vs. male 2.25 (−0.82 to 5.31)] in SGA females compared with SGA males. In contrast, a more pronounced reduction in PR interval [female −1.36 (−6.15 to 3.42) vs. male −6.61 (−11.67 to −1.54)] and an increase in systolic blood pressure [female 0.06 (−2.7 to 2.81) vs. male 2.71 (−0.48 to 5.9)] and central-to-peripheral fat ratio [female 0.05 (−0.03 to 0.12) vs. male 0.40 (0.17–0.62)] were mainly observed in SGA male compared with SGA female.ConclusionsSex differences were observed in the effect of SGA on cardiometabolic endpoints with female being more prone to cardiac dysfunction and male to electrocardiographic, vascular, and metabolic changes. Future research including sex-stratification data is warranted.

【 授权许可】

Unknown   
© 2023 Rodríguez-López, Sepúlveda-Martínez, Bernardino, Crovetto, Pajuelo, Sitges, Bijnens, Gratacós and Crispi.