Sentinel lymph node mapping: current applications and future perspectives in thyroid carcinoma

Frontiers in Medicine

Medicine

Maria Rosa Pelizzo¹  Carla Scaroni²  Caterina Mian²  Loris Bertazza²  Isabella Merante Boschin³ 

[1] Dipartimento di Scienze Chirurgiche Oncologiche e Gastroenterologiche (DiSCOG), Università degli Studi di Padova, Padua, Italy;UOC Endocrinology, Dipartimento di Medicina (DIMED), Università degli Studi di Padova, Azienda Ospedale-Università di Padova, Padua, Italy;UOC Endocrinology, Dipartimento di Scienze Chirurgiche Oncologiche e Gastroenterologiche (DiSCOG), Università degli Studi di Padova, Azienda Ospedale-Università di Padova, Padua, Italy;

关键词: sentinel lymph node;    thyroid cancer;    papillary thyroid carcinoma;    differentiated thyroid carcinomas;    lymphadenectomy;   

DOI  :  10.3389/fmed.2023.1231566

 received in 2023-05-30, accepted in 2023-09-26,  发布年份 2023

来源: Frontiers

【 摘 要 】

Sentinel lymph node (SLN) mapping is a standard, minimally-invasive diagnostic method in the surgical treatment of many solid tumors, as for example melanoma and breast cancer, for detecting the presence of regional nodal metastases. A negative SLN accurately indicates the absence of metastases in the other regional lymph nodes (LN), thus avoiding unnecessary lymph nodal dissection. Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is the most common type of thyroid carcinoma (TC) with cervical LN metastases at diagnosis in 20–90%, and nodal involvement correlates with local persistence/recurrence. The SLN in PTC is an intraoperative method for staging preoperative N0 patients and for detecting metastatic LNs “in and outside” the cervical LN central compartment; it represents an alternative method to prophylactic central neck node dissection. In this review we summarize different methods and results of the use of SLN in TC. The SLN identification techniques currently used include the selective vital-dye (VD) method, 99mTc-nanocolloid planar lymphoscintigraphy with intraoperative use of a hand-held gamma probe (LS), the combination LS + VD, and the combination LS and preoperative SPECT–CT (LS + SPECT/CT). The application of the SLN procedure in TC has been described in many studies, however, the techniques are heterogeneous, and the role of SLN in TC, with indications, results, advantages and limits, is still debated.

【 授权许可】

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Copyright © 2023 Boschin, Bertazza, Scaroni, Mian and Pelizzo.