Distinctive biophysical features of human cell-types: insights from studies of neurosurgically resected brain tissue

Frontiers in Synaptic Neuroscience

Neuroscience

Homeira Moradi Chameh¹  Liang Zhang¹  Mandana Movahed¹  Jérémie Lefebvre²  Maurizio De Pittà³  Madeleine Falby⁴  Taufik A. Valiante⁵  Keon Arbabi⁶  Shreejoy J. Tripathy⁷  Scott Rich⁸ 

[1] Division of Clinical and Computational Neuroscience, Krembil Brain Institute, University Health Network (UHN), Toronto, ON, Canada;Division of Clinical and Computational Neuroscience, Krembil Brain Institute, University Health Network (UHN), Toronto, ON, Canada;Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada;Department of Mathematics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada;Division of Clinical and Computational Neuroscience, Krembil Brain Institute, University Health Network (UHN), Toronto, ON, Canada;Department of Physiology, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada;Basque Center for Applied Mathematics, Bilbao, Spain;Faculty of Medicine, University of the Basque Country, Leioa, Spain;Division of Clinical and Computational Neuroscience, Krembil Brain Institute, University Health Network (UHN), Toronto, ON, Canada;Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada;Division of Clinical and Computational Neuroscience, Krembil Brain Institute, University Health Network (UHN), Toronto, ON, Canada;Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada;Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada;Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada;Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada;Center for Advancing Neurotechnological Innovation to Application (CRANIA), Toronto, ON, Canada;Max Planck-University of Toronto Center for Neural Science and Technology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada;Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada;Krembil Centre for Neuroinformatics, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada;Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada;Krembil Centre for Neuroinformatics, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada;Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada;Neurosciences and Mental Health, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada;

关键词: human cortical tissue;    rodent cortical tissue;    epilepsy;    pyramidal neurons;    electrophysiology;    morphology;    transcriptomic;    astrocyte;   

DOI  :  10.3389/fnsyn.2023.1250834

 received in 2023-06-30, accepted in 2023-08-21,  发布年份 2023

来源: Frontiers

【 摘 要 】

Electrophysiological characterization of live human tissue from epilepsy patients has been performed for many decades. Although initially these studies sought to understand the biophysical and synaptic changes associated with human epilepsy, recently, it has become the mainstay for exploring the distinctive biophysical and synaptic features of human cell-types. Both epochs of these human cellular electrophysiological explorations have faced criticism. Early studies revealed that cortical pyramidal neurons obtained from individuals with epilepsy appeared to function “normally” in comparison to neurons from non-epilepsy controls or neurons from other species and thus there was little to gain from the study of human neurons from epilepsy patients. On the other hand, contemporary studies are often questioned for the “normalcy” of the recorded neurons since they are derived from epilepsy patients. In this review, we discuss our current understanding of the distinct biophysical features of human cortical neurons and glia obtained from tissue removed from patients with epilepsy and tumors. We then explore the concept of within cell-type diversity and its loss (i.e., “neural homogenization”). We introduce neural homogenization to help reconcile the epileptogenicity of seemingly “normal” human cortical cells and circuits. We propose that there should be continued efforts to study cortical tissue from epilepsy patients in the quest to understand what makes human cell-types “human”.

【 授权许可】

Unknown   
Copyright © 2023 Chameh, Falby, Movahed, Arbabi, Rich, Zhang, Lefebvre, Tripathy, De Pittà and Valiante.