Comprehensive metabolome and transcriptome analyses demonstrate divergent anthocyanin and carotenoid accumulation in fruits of wild and cultivated loquats

Frontiers in Plant Science

Plant Science

Yongping Chen¹  Shaoquan Zheng¹  Jimou Jiang¹  Chaojun Deng¹  Wenbing Su¹  Xiuping Chen¹  Yaling Zhang¹  Yidan Kou¹  Han Lin¹  Zhihong Tong²  Zhongqi Fan³  Mingkun Huang⁴  Changqing Zhu⁵  Changjie Xu⁵ 

[1] Fruit Research Institute, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Science, Fuzhou, China;Fruit Research Institute, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Science, Fuzhou, China;Institute of Postharvest Technology of Agricultural Products, College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China;Institute of Postharvest Technology of Agricultural Products, College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China;Lushan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Jiujiang, Jiangxi, China;Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Integrative Biology/State Agriculture Ministry Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Crop Growth and Development, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China;

关键词: pigmentation;    carotenoid;    anthocyanin;    PSY;    ANS;    evolution;    loquat;   

DOI  :  10.3389/fpls.2023.1285456

 received in 2023-08-30, accepted in 2023-09-25,  发布年份 2023

来源: Frontiers

【 摘 要 】

Eriobotrya is an evergreen fruit tree native to South-West China and adjacent countries. There are more than 26 loquat species known in this genus, while E. japonica is the only species yet domesticated to produce fresh fruits from late spring to early summer. Fruits of cultivated loquat are usually orange colored, in contrast to the red color of fruits of wild E. henryi (EH). However, the mechanisms of fruit pigment formation during loquat evolution are yet to be elucidated. To understand these, targeted carotenoid and anthocyanin metabolomics as well as transcriptomics analyses were carried out in this study. The results showed that β-carotene, violaxanthin palmitate and rubixanthin laurate, totally accounted for over 60% of the colored carotenoids, were the major carotenoids in peel of the orange colored ‘Jiefangzhong’ (JFZ) fruits. Total carotenoids content in JFZ is about 10 times to that of EH, and the expression levels of PSY, ZDS and ZEP in JFZ were 10.69 to 23.26 folds to that in EH at ripen stage. Cyanidin-3-O-galactoside and pelargonidin-3-O-galactoside were the predominant anthocyanins enriched in EH peel. On the contrary, both of them were almost undetectable in JFZ, and the transcript levels of F3H, F3’H, ANS, CHS and CHI in EH were 4.39 to 73.12 folds higher than that in JFZ during fruit pigmentation. In summary, abundant carotenoid deposition in JFZ peel is well correlated with the strong expression of PSY, ZDS and ZEP, while the accumulation of anthocyanin metabolites in EH peel is tightly associated with the notably upregulated expressions of F3H, F3’H, ANS, CHS and CHI. This study was the first to demonstrate the metabolic background of how fruit pigmentations evolved from wild to cultivated loquat species, and provided gene targets for further breeding of more colorful loquat fruits via manipulation of carotenoids and anthocyanin biosynthesis.

【 授权许可】

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Copyright © 2023 Su, Zhu, Fan, Huang, Lin, Chen, Deng, Chen, Kou, Tong, Zhang, Xu, Zheng and Jiang