Population-based study of the durability of humoral immunity after SARS-CoV-2 infection

Frontiers in Immunology

Immunology

Iris M. Heid¹  Felix Günther²  Simon Wiegrebe²  Olaf Gefeller³  Ralph Burkhardt⁴  Arisha J. Patt⁵  Klaus Überla⁶  Stephanie Beileke⁶  Philipp Steininger⁶  Sebastian Einhauser⁷  Hans H. Niller⁷  Ralf Wagner⁸  David Peterhoff⁸  Helmut Küchenhoff⁹ 

[1] Department of Genetic Epidemiology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany;Department of Genetic Epidemiology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany;Statistical Consulting Unit StaBLab, Department of Statistics, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität (LMU) Munich, Munich, Germany;Department of Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany;Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany;Institute of Clinical Microbiology and Hygiene, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany;Institute of Clinical and Molecular Virology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany;Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, Molecular Microbiology (Virology), University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany;Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, Molecular Microbiology (Virology), University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany;Institute of Clinical Microbiology and Hygiene, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany;Statistical Consulting Unit StaBLab, Department of Statistics, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität (LMU) Munich, Munich, Germany;

关键词: SARS-CoV-2;    COVID-19;    longitudinal;    durability;    population-based;    antibody;    neutralization;    avidity;   

DOI  :  10.3389/fimmu.2023.1242536

 received in 2023-06-19, accepted in 2023-09-19,  发布年份 2023

来源: Frontiers

【 摘 要 】

SARS-CoV-2 antibody quantity and quality are key markers of humoral immunity. However, there is substantial uncertainty about their durability. We investigated levels and temporal change of SARS-CoV-2 antibody quantity and quality. We analyzed sera (8 binding, 4 avidity assays for spike-(S-)protein and nucleocapsid-(N-)protein; neutralization) from 211 seropositive unvaccinated participants, from the population-based longitudinal TiKoCo study, at three time points within one year after infection with the ancestral SARS-CoV-2 virus. We found a significant decline of neutralization titers and binding antibody levels in most assays (linear mixed regression model, p<0.01). S-specific serum avidity increased markedly over time, in contrast to N-specific. Binding antibody levels were higher in older versus younger participants – a difference that disappeared for the asymptomatic-infected. We found stronger antibody decline in men versus women and lower binding and avidity levels in current versus never-smokers. Our comprehensive longitudinal analyses across 13 antibody assays suggest decreased neutralization-based protection and prolonged affinity maturation within one year after infection.

【 授权许可】

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Copyright © 2023 Peterhoff, Wiegrebe, Einhauser, Patt, Beileke, Günther, Steininger, Niller, Burkhardt, Küchenhoff, Gefeller, Überla, Heid and Wagner